民勤绿洲荒漠过渡带人工梭梭群落与水土因子的关系  

Relationships between artificial Haloxylon ammodendron communities and soilwater factors in Minqin oasis-desert ecotone

作　　者：赵鹏[1,2,3] 徐先英[2] 屈建军[1,4] 张进虎[2] 马全林[2] 张慧文[2] 徐高兴 马俊梅[2] 吴永梅 ZHAO Peng XU Xianying QU Jianjun ZHANG Jinhu MA Quanlin ZHANG Huiwen XU Gaoxing MA Junmei WU Yongmei(Key laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineer Research Institute, Chinese academy of science, Lanzhoa 730000, China State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating, Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Lanzhou 730070, China Dunhuang Gobi and Ecology and Environment Research Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineer Research Institute, Chinese academy of science, Dunhuang 736200, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bering 100049, China Forestry station of Huayuan town, Kazak autonimous county of Balikun, Hami 839200, china)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]甘肃省治沙研究所荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室培育基地,兰州730070 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所敦煌戈壁荒漠研究站,敦煌736200 [5]巴里坤哈萨克自治县花园乡人民政府林业工作站,哈密839200

出　　处：《生态学报》2017年第5期1496-1505,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD16B0203);兰新高铁特大风区风沙灾害防治技术资助项目(HHS-TSS-STS-1504);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41361004);国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2012CB723203);甘肃省沙生植物保护利用科技创新团队资助项目(1207TTCA002)

摘　　要：作为绿洲可持续发展的重要生态屏障,人工梭梭群落的演替关系着民勤绿洲的生态安全。以民勤绿洲边缘人工梭梭群落为研究对象,在野外调查的基础上,采用双向指示种分类(TWINSPAN)和典范对应分析(CCA)数量生态学方法分析了人工梭梭群落与水土环境因子的关系。结果表明:(1)TWINSPAN方法将人工梭梭群落划分为4个群丛类型:群丛I梭梭+白刺-沙蒿-盐生草(Haloxylon ammodendron+Nitraria tangutorum-Artemisia frigida-Halogeton glomeratus)、群丛Ⅱ梭梭+沙拐枣-沙米(Haloxylon ammodendron+Calligonum mongolicum-Agriophyllum squarrosum)、群丛Ⅲ梭梭+白刺-芦苇(Haloxylon ammodendron+Nitraria tangutorum-Phragmites australis)、群丛Ⅳ梭梭+柽柳+盐爪爪(Haloxylon ammodendron+Tamarix ramosissima+Kalidium foliatum);(2)CCA排序第1轴代表生境水分及有机质梯度的变化,第2轴代表生境土壤盐分的环境梯度。Monte Carlo检验和前项选择结果表明,人工梭梭群落演替的环境调控因子排序为土壤水分(10%)>有机质(9.7%)>pH(8.8%)>速效磷(8.4%)>土壤沙粒(7.8%)>地下水埋深(7.8%)>样方距离绿洲之间的距离(7.2%)>全氮(6.9%)>电导率(6.7%)。TWINSPAN分类结果在CCA样方-环境因子排序图中有较好的反映,分类和排序结果较为吻合。(3)土壤含水量、酸碱度、沙粒体积百分比、速效磷、有机质、全氮、电导率与空间因子样方与绿洲的距离解释了物种格局变化的19.8%,其中土壤因子占15.6%,地下水因子占1.1%,土壤与地下水因子交互作用解释部分占3.1%。对于50%以上未能被解释的变异部分,可能归咎于未被选取的环境因子如降水、风蚀沙埋、封禁或者随机过程。The ecological safety of Minqin oasis depends on the evolution of artificial Halxylon ammodendron communities that acts as important barriers and promotes the continual development of the oasis. The relationship between artificial H.ammodendron communities and environmental factors was evaluated and analyzed using the quantitative ecology methods, two-way indicator species analysis （TWINSPAN） and canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） in this research. The results showed that （1） there were 4 types of associations in artificial H.ammodendron communities using TWINAPAN：AssociationⅠH. ammodendron＋Nitraria tangutorum-Artemisia arenaria-Halogeton glomeratus; AssociationⅡH.ammodendron＋Calligonum mongolicum-Agriophyllum squarrosum; Association Ⅲ H. ammodendron＋Nitraria tangutorum＋Phragmites australis; Association Ⅳ H. ammodendron＋Tamarix ramosissima ＋Kalidium foliatum. （2） The first axis of CCA ordination represented the environmental gradient of water and soil organic matter, meanwhile soil electrical conductivity was reflected by second axis of CCA ordination. Forward selection and Monte Carlo test suggested that the ordination of environmental factors determining species distribution of artificial H. ammodendron communites was soil water content（10%） 〉 soil organic matter（9.7%） 〉 pH（8.8%） 〉 available phosphorus（8.4%） 〉 sand（7.8%） 〉 groundwater depth（7.8%） 〉 distance between oasis and desert（7.2%） 〉 total nitrogen（6.9%） 〉 electrical conductivity（6.7%）.The classification results of TWINSPAN were exactly reflected in the CCA two-dimensional ordination diagram for samples and environmental variables. （3） PCCA revealed that soil factors such as soil water content, organic matter, sand, electrical conductivity, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, pH, and groundwater factors together explained 19.8% of the variance in species distribution of artificial H. ammodendron communities. Soil factors alone explained 15.6% of the varian

关 键 词：绿洲荒漠过渡带 人工梭梭群落 水土因子 关系 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]