膜苞鸢尾的开花特性及繁育系统  

Characteristics of Flowering and Breeding Systems of Iris scariosa

作　　者：马玉梅[1] 张云[1] 秦景逸 王秀梅[1] 朱甜甜[1] Ma Yumei Zhang Yun Qin Jingyi Wang Xiumei Zhu Tiantian(Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, P. R. Chin)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2017年第3期44-47,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2014211A035)资助

摘　　要：为探究膜苞鸢尾(Iris scariosa Willd ex Link.)在自然生境下有性生殖能力和生殖特点,利用原生境和人工栽植地的控制性试验,对其种群的花部特征、传粉媒介、杂交指数(OC,I)、花粉/胚珠比(P/O)等进行研究。结果表明:膜苞鸢尾葶生两朵花,花被片6,内外各3枚,雄蕊短于花柱,与柱头高度相差约2.72 mm,在花朵开放的整个过程中,雄蕊紧贴花柱外侧,雌、雄蕊相对位置不变;杂交指数为4,花粉/胚珠比为1 246,套袋试验表明,其不具备无融合生殖能力,自花授粉不亲和,繁育系统为异交。自然生境下的有性生殖能力受到缺少传粉昆虫的影响。To explore the sexual reproduction ability and reproductive characteristics of Iris scariosa in the natural habitat, an investigation about floral syndrome, pollinator, out-crossing index and pollen-ovule ratio was carried out through the original habitat and artificial planting site controlled trials. It has two flowers stand on one scape, and six tepals which internal and external showed all the three. The stamen is close to the petaloid style and 2.72 mm shorter than the style, and the relative position between the stamen and style was always unchanged in the whole flowering process. The out crossing index was 4, P/O was about 1 246, and combined with the result of bagging and artificial pollination experiment, it indicated there were no apomixis and self-pollination, the breeding system of those was out-crossing, suggesting that sexual reproduction was in- fluenced by less pollinators in nature.

关 键 词：膜苞鸢尾 开花特性 繁育系统 

分 类 号：S682.19[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q945.33[农业科学—园艺学]