贵州柑橘园土壤与果实的重金属含量特征及其评价  

Characteristics and Evaluation of Heavy Metal Content in Soil and Fruit of Citrus Orchards in Guizhou

作　　者：李金强[1] 罗怿[1] 柏自琴[1] 郑乾明 李文云[1] 罗素兰 杨兴军 

机构地区：[1]贵州省果树科学研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州省锦屏县农牧局,贵州锦屏556799 [3]贵州省从江县农业局,贵州从江557400

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2017年第1期99-102,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省星火计划项目"从江椪柑品质提升关键技术集成与示范"[黔科合农字(2012)5004];贵州省科学技术基金项目"贵州柑橘园土壤--柑橘系统重金属分布特征"(黔科合J字2010-2081);国家现代农业柑橘技术体系--贵州特色柑橘综合试验站项目

摘　　要：为探明贵州山地柑橘园土壤与柑橘果实重金属含量特征,为柑橘安全生产提供依据。对贵州省南北盘江、红水河、都柳江和清水江等沿岸的柑橘园进行实地调查取样,分析土壤重金属含量与柑橘果实重金属的含量及其相关性。结果表明:柑橘园土壤重金属含量依次为Zn>Cr>Pb>Cu>Ni>As>Cd>Hg;柑橘果实重金属富集量依次为Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr>Pb>As>Cd>Hg。柑橘果肉中Zn、Cu、Ni和Pb富集量与土壤中含量呈正相关;柑橘果肉中Cr、Cd、As、Hg富集量与土壤中的含量呈负相关。不同果园和不同土壤质地其重金属含量差异较大,不同品种或同一品种柑橘果肉对重金属的富集量差异较大,且来源不同。采用单项污染指数法和综合污染指数法对样品进行评价,样品均为清洁,试验区适宜发展无公害柑橘果品生产。The heavy metals content in soil and fruit of citrus orchards along Nanpan-Beipan River, Hongshui River, Duliujiang and Qingshui River and the correlation between soil and fruit in heavy metal content were analyzed to explore heavy metal content in soil and citrus fruit of citrus orchards and provide the basis for safety production of citrus in Guizhou. Results： The heavy metal content in soil of citrus orchards is Zn 〉 Cr 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Ni 〉 As 〉 Cd 〉 Hg and the heavy metal accumulation in fruit is Zn〉 Cu〉 Ni〉 Cr〉 Pb〉 As〉 Cd〉 Hg. There is a positive correlation in Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb content and a negative correlation in Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb content between fruit and soil. There is great difference in soil heavy metal content among different orchards and soil texture. The heavy metals content of tested soil and fruit samples evaluated by single pollution index and comprehensive pollution index method is in a safety standard, which indicates that the tested citrus orchards can develop pollution-free citrus production.

关 键 词：柑橘 土壤 重金属 贵州 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]