呼伦贝尔沙质草原风蚀坑表层土壤粒度特征  

Grain Size Characteristics of Topsoil in Blowouts on Sandy Grasslands in Hulun Buir

作　　者：张惜伟[1,2] 汪季[1] 高永[1] 丁延龙[1] 宝成 ZHANG Xi-wei WANG Ji GAO Yong DING Yan-long BAO Cheng(Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, Inner Mongolia, China Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, Inner Mongolia, China Forestry Bureau of Chenbaerhu Banner, Bayankuren 021500, Inner Mongolia, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古师范大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [3]陈巴尔虎旗林业局,内蒙古巴彦库仁镇021500

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2017年第2期293-299,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2014MS0404);国家林业公益性行业项目(201304325)

摘　　要：以呼伦贝尔沙质草原北部沙带中段陈巴尔虎旗完工镇境内风蚀坑环境为研究对象,选取不同发育形态的典型风蚀坑类型,通过系统的风蚀坑形态测量和风蚀坑表面沉积物粒度分析,研究沙质草原风蚀坑表层土壤粒度特征。结果表明:各风蚀坑沙物质总体结构以细砂为主,其次是中砂,极细砂和粉粒含量很少,且除了未风蚀草原表土含极粗砂,其他风蚀阶段皆不含;不同阶段风蚀坑的土壤粒径频率曲线,除消亡阶段为极负偏外,其他阶段均表现为负偏,峰态变化趋势与分选性一致,砂粒分布集中程度依次为:未风蚀草地<消亡阶段<固定阶段<裸地沙斑<活跃发展<活化阶段,按照分级标准峰态均为中等范围;研究区沉积物粒度组成比较均一,各发育阶段风蚀坑表层颗粒分布曲线型式基本一致,由于风蚀强度的增加,曲线偏向粗颗粒一侧,风蚀活动强度加大及植被破坏程度加剧引起风蚀坑表层砂粒粗化。In this study, the grain size characteristics of topsoil in different forms of typical blowouts in Wangong Town of Chenbaerhu Banner in the central part of northern sand belt on sandy grasslands in Hulun Buir were ana- lyzed based on the observation and measurement, and their affecting factors were studied. The results showed that the sand material in the blowouts was dominated by fine sand, then by moderate-sized sand, and the contents of very fine sand and silt were low. There was no extremely coarse sand in topsoil of blowouts apart from the places where the topsoil was not eroded by wind. The curves of soil grain size frequency were all in a negative deviation except the extremely negative deviation at the withering stage, and the kurtosis trend accorded with the sorting. Concentration degree of sand at different stages was in an order of the grassland without wind erosion 〈 decaying stage 〈 fixing stage 〈 patch stage 〈 active development stage 〈 activation stage, and the kurtoses were moderate according to the classification standard. The grain size composition of sediments was uniform in the study area, the granular distribution curves of sand on the surface of blowouts were basically similar, and the surface sand became coarser due to the intensification of wind erosion and the degeneration of vegetation.

关 键 词：风蚀坑 土壤粒度 沙质草原 呼伦贝尔 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]