南宁市2012—2015年流行性感冒流行特征分析  

Analysis of influenza epidemiological characteristic from 2012 to 2015 in Nanning City

作　　者：农皓[1] 刘海燕[1] 秦剑秋[1] 尹刘江[1] 杨丞[1] 詹鑫婕[1] 裴建新[1] 黄莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《微生物学免疫学进展》2017年第1期46-49,共4页Progress In Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：目的分析南宁市2012—2015年流行性感冒(简称流感)监测结果,为流感防制策略提供依据。方法采用实时荧光RT-PCR方法对采集的流感样病例(Influenza-like Illness,ILI)咽拭子标本进行流感病毒核酸检测,并运用描述性流行病学方法对流感流行特征进行分析。结果 2012—2015年共采集ILI咽拭子标本共6 664份,经流感病毒核酸检测,阳性标本988份,阳性率为14.83%。4年中流感病毒优势株交替变化,2012年和2014年的优势毒株为甲3型,2013年优势毒株为新甲型H1N1,2015年优势毒株是甲3型和B型;0~<11岁组和21~<31岁组的阳性人数占阳性总数的50.30%。流感暴发疫情61起,其中59起疫情发生在中小学校。结论南宁市2012—2015年流感的流行特征有明显的季节性,主要易感人群为婴幼儿、小学生和青壮年。加强对重点人群的监测及疫苗预防接种工作,对控制流感疫情的暴发具有重要意义。Objective To analyze the surveillance of influenza from 2012 to 2015 in Nanning, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control strategy of the disease. Methods The RTFQ-PCR was carried out in detection of influnza virus nucleic acids in throat swabs from Influenza-like Illness （ILI）. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic characteristic of influenza. Results A total of 6 664 throat swabs from ILI were collected from 2012 to 2015, among these 988 cases were influenza virus nucleic acids positive with a positive rate 14.83% in ILI. The predominant influenza virus strains were in a interchangeable mode in the four years, type A 3 in 2012 and 2014, new type A HI N1 in 2013, and type A 3 and B in 2015, respectivelly. The age groups 0-〈1 lyears and 21-〈31 years were the major influenznza targets with 50.30% in all the cases. A total of 61 inluenza outbreaks were reported, and 59 outbreaks occurred in primary and middle school. Conclusion The epidemic characteristic of influenza was in an obvious seasonal mode from 2012 to 2015 in Nanning, the major susceptible populations were infants, pupils and young adults. It is a great significance to strengthen the surveillance and vaccination in control of the outbreak of influenza epidemic.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流感样病例 病原学监测 流行趋势 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]