双层分离法人工培养松材线虫  

A New Two-layer Separation Method for Cultivating B.xylophilus

作　　者：马步芳[1] 陈思雨[1] 黄亮[2] 王文会[2] 刘晓[1] 刘卫红[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学生命科学学院,中国北京100084 [2]清华大学精密仪器系,中国北京100084

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2017年第1期35-40,共6页Life Science Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(91231109)

摘　　要：依据松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)的生长习性,设计了一种将松材线虫和灰葡萄孢菌丝进行一定程度分离的人工培养松材线虫新方法,使松材线虫繁殖力、寿命等参数得到更准确地测量。实验中分别用双层分离法和浅盘法对雌虫的参数进行测定,雌虫的平均寿命分别为9.3 d和9.6 d,平均产卵期分别为7.1 d和7.9 d,平均子代数量分别为69.9和68.9,两种方法间没有显著性差异,证明了新方法的可靠性。此外,实验测得用双层分离法培养的松材线虫的子代发育率为60%,雌雄性别比为2.4∶1。较高的雌性比例可以导致较高的净生殖率,从而得到较高的种群增长率。同时用双层分离法对产卵和不产卵的雌虫的寿命进行了比较,结果表明不产卵的雌虫有更长寿命,证明"繁殖的代价"也存在于松材线虫中。According to the growth habit of pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, a new method that separated the nematode from the Botrytis cinerea was developed to measure the fecundity and lifespan. The average adult life spans of females measured by traditional shallow dish method and two-layer separa- tion method were 9.6 and 9.3 days, the average durations of egg laying were 7.9 and 7.1 days, and the mean offspring numbers were 68.9 and 69.9, respectively. Results showed no significant difference between the two methods, which proved the feasibility of the two-layer separation method. Besides, the developmental rate of F1 was 60% and the ratio of gender was 2.4 ： 1 （female ： male）. The higher net reproductive rate would be af- fected by higher female ratio, which results in higher population growth rate. The life spans of mated and un- mated females were also measured, and the results suggested that the unmated females lived longer, proving that the ＂costs of reproduction＂ existed in B. xylophilus too.

关 键 词：松材线虫 双层分离法 繁殖力 性别比 寿命 

分 类 号：Q95-336[生物学—动物学]