精神分析学派焦虑情绪的研究  

Research on the Anxiety Mood in Psychoanalysis

作　　者：马春玲[1] MA Chun-ling.(School of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150086, China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学教育学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《医学与哲学（A）》2017年第3期48-51,共4页Medicine & Philosophy:Humanistic & Social Medicine Edition

摘　　要：在精神分析学派焦虑情绪的研究中,关于焦虑产生方面:弗洛伊德晚年认为产生于本我与自我的冲突,兰克认为产生于分离与否的冲突,霍妮认为产生于敌意与恐惧的冲突,沙利文认为产生于自我与重要他人的冲突,克莱因认为产生于施虐与受虐的冲突。关于类型方面:弗洛伊德把焦虑分为客观性焦虑、神经症性焦虑和道德性焦虑,霍妮把焦虑分为原始焦虑、惊时焦虑和期待焦虑,克莱因提出了被害焦虑和抑郁性焦虑,科胡特把焦虑分为内聚焦虑和解体焦虑。关于焦虑后果方面:看到了焦虑会带来负面的效果,同时也看到焦虑有正性的信号作用。关于解决方面:精神分析提出了诸多防御机制。This study reviewed the causes, the types, the consequences and the solutions of anxiety in psychoanalysis. In the aspect of the cause of anxiety： Freud thought in his later years that anxiety was caused by the conflict of ego and id; Rank regarded the cause of anxiety as the conflict of whether to separate with others; Horney thought anxiety was caused by the conflict of hostility and fear; Sullivan considered anxiety was due to the conflict of self and important people; while Clay thought anxiety was produced from the conflict of sadism and masochism. In the aspect of the type of anxiety： Freud divided it into objectivity, neurotic and moral anxiety; Homey divided it into the original, surprised and expectation anxiety; Klein proposed murdered anxiety and depressive anxiety; Kohut divided it into cohesion and disintegration anxiety. In the aspect of the consequences of anxiety, it showed anxiety would bring negative effects, but sometimes we could also see a positive signal of anxiety. In the aspect of the solutions, the psychoanalysis also proposed many defense mechanisms.

关 键 词：焦虑 精神分析 情绪 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]