活性炭对百草枯经口中毒的吸附效果评价：一项大型动物的实验研究  

Evaluation of adsorption effect of activated charcoal on oral paraquat poisoning： an experimental study on large animal

作　　者：孙百胜[1] 何跃忠[2] 裴禹皓 张聪[1] 张锡刚[1] 杨展[1] Sun Baisheng He Yuezhong Pei Yuhao Zhang Cong Zhang Xigang Yang Zhan(Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China Department of Science and Technology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China)

机构地区：[1]北京军事医学科学院附属医院急诊科,100071 [2]北京军事医学科学院科技部,100850

出　　处：《中华危重病急救医学》2017年第3期211-215,共5页Chinese Critical Care Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目（2012BA138804）

摘　　要：目的探讨活性炭混悬液对百草枯（PQ）染毒比格犬胃肠道内PQ的吸附效果。方法将12只健康雄性比格犬按随机数字表法分为对照组和实验组，每组6只。两组比格犬均采用20％PQ溶液30mg/kg灌胃。实验组于PQ染毒后30min给予活性炭混悬液灌胃（Ⅰ型活性炭粉1．0g／kg用生理盐水100mL混匀），对照组灌胃等量生理盐水。两组于PQ染毒后10min、30rain及1、2、4、8、12、24、48h采集肝门静脉血和外周静脉血，观察血浆PQ水平变化，采用DAS2．1．1药代动力学分析软件分析两组毒代动力学参数的变化。于染毒前10min及染毒后4h和1-7d动态监测心率（HR）、呼吸频率（RR）、脉搏血氧饱和度（SpO2）等生命体征的变化。结果PQ灌胃染毒后，对照组肝门静脉血和外周静脉血血浆PQ水平迅速升高，4h达高峰后迅速降低，8h后缓慢下降；但实验组达峰速率明显减慢，且PQ峰值较对照组明显降低，约为对照组的50％（μg/L：肝门静脉血为123．50±11．67比255．18±12．29，外周静脉血为122．35±11．72比250．86±11．15），8h后下降速度明显快于对照组，48h血浆PQ水平明显低于对照组（μg/L：肝门静脉血为0．53±0．18比15．98±5．58，外周静脉血为0．31±0．01比15．03±4．82，均P〈0．01）。毒代动力学分析显示，与对照组比较，实验组肝门静脉血和外周静脉血血浆PQ峰浓度（Cmax）和药时曲线下面积（AUC）均显著降低[Cmax（μg/L）：肝门静脉血为125．07±9．49比255．18±12．29，外周静脉血为123．38±9．52比250．86±11．15；AUC（mg·L^-1·h^-1）：肝门静脉血为1．6±0．2比3．3±0．4，外周静脉血为1．5±0．2比3．2±0．3]，PQ达峰时间（Tmax）较慢（h：肝门静脉血为5．3±1．9比4．0±0．0，外周静脉血为4．7±1．5比4．0±0．0），PQ表观血浆半衰期（t1/2）和平均驻留时间（MRT）较短[t1/2（h）：肝门静脉血为3．8±1．2�Objective To study the adsorption effect of activated charcoal suspension on paraquat （PQ） in gastrointestinal tract of beagles exposed to PQ. Methods Twenty healthy male beagles were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 6 beagles in each group. 20% PQ solution （a dose of 30 mg/kg） was prescribed through stomach for beagles in both groups. After exposure to PQ for 30 minutes, the beagles in experimental group were given activated charcoal suspension （1.0 g/kg of type I activated charcoal powder mixed with 100 mL of normal saline） by garage, while the control group was only given equal volume of normal saline. After exposure to PQ for 10 minutes, 30 minutes, and 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours, blood was collected from hepatic portal veins and peripheral veins to detect the PQ concentration change in the plasma. The toxicokinetics software DAS 2.1.1 was applied to analyze PQ concentration and compare the change in toxicokinetics parameters between the both groups. The change in vital signs including heart rate （HR）, respiratory rate （RR） and pulse oxygen saturation （Sp02） was dynamically monitored 10 minutes before exposure, 4 hours and each day from the 1st to the 7th day after exposure. Results After exposure to PQ, the poison concentration in the plasma of hepatic portal veins and peripheral veins in the control group rose quickly and reached peak 4 hours later. It fell quickly at first, and fell slowly 8 hours later. But in the experimental group, the increase rate to the peak was significantly slow. Besides, PQ peak fell more obviously than that in the control group and it was about 50% of the control group （μg/L： 123.50± 11.67 vs. 255.18 ± 12.29 in blood from hepatic portal veins, 122.35 ± 11.72 vs. 250.86± 11.15 in blood from peripheral veins）. After 8 hours it fell much more quickly than that of the control group. After exposure to PQ for 48 hours, PQ concentration in the plasma was still lower than that of the control group （μg/L： 0.53 �

关 键 词：活性炭 灌胃 比格犬 百草枯 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]