凉山州医务人员预防艾滋病母婴传播技术掌握情况的调查分析  

A Survey on the awareness of medical personnel on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in Liangshan Prefecture

作　　者：蒲杰[1] 许跃忠[2] 何丹[3] 郑姝娟[4] 梁家智[2] 孙玲玲[1] 刘敬涛[4] 廖辉[5] 何朝华[3] 唐英[6] 布的尔波[6] 

机构地区：[1]四川省妇幼保健院母婴健康中心,成都610045 [2]四川省妇幼保健院院办公室,成都610045 [3]四川省妇幼保健院妇幼健康管理部,成都610045 [4]四川省妇幼保健院信息化部,成都610045 [5]四川省妇幼保健院人力资源部,成都610045 [6]凉山州妇幼保健院院办公室,四川西昌615000

出　　处：《华西医学》2017年第3期413-418,共6页West China Medical Journal

基　　金：四川省科技厅科技支撑计划项目(2014SZ0114)

摘　　要：目的了解医务人员对预防艾滋病母婴传播知识的掌握情况。方法以2014年4月—7月凉山州各县(市)参加四川省重点地区预防艾滋病母婴传播学习班的医务人员和日常参与预防艾滋病母婴传播工作的医务人员为研究对象,发放"预防艾滋病母婴传播知识调查表"进行问卷调查,采用χ2检验进行统计学分析。结果共发放问卷450份,回收有效问卷447份,有效回收率99.33%。94.18%的受访者对围生期人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)抗体检测最佳时机和传播途径的知晓,95.30%的受访者能正确回答在孕期尽早对HIV感染孕产妇应用抗病毒药物,86.58%的受访者知道HIV阳性孕产妇所生婴儿首次服药时间和避免母乳喂养,但相关应用性知识知晓情况较差。妇幼保健院人员知晓率总体高于综合医院(P<0.05),不同专业、职称以及工作年限的医务人员知晓率不同(P<0.05)。结论调查地区的多数医务人员基本掌握预防艾滋病母婴传播的基本知识,但在具体实际工作中准确、及时、规范应用知识的能力尚显不足。建议除了加强预防艾滋病母婴传播的常规培训外,应结合干预技术重点加强培训后的落实与考核评价机制,尤其对综合医院,并尽可能分专业类别进行有针对性的培训与考核。Objective To investigates the awareness of medical staff on prevention of mother-to-child transmission （PMTCT） of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） . Methods Between April and July 2014, health workers from towns and cities of Liangshan Prefecture participated in the class of prevention of HIV PMTCT for key areas in Sichuan province. Those participants, together with some other health workers from the same area whose daily work was related to prevention of PMTCT, were selected as the study subjects. PMTCT prevention knowledge survey questionnaire was given out for the investigation, and chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results We retrieved altogether 447 （out of 450） valid questionnaires. Of all the respondents, 94.18% were aware of proper time for HIV antibody testing and routes of transmission in the perinatal period, 95.30% knew the strategy of applying as early as possible antiviral drugs during pregnancy, and 86.58% learned to know when to give the first dose to the newborns and avoidance of breast-feeding. However, the awareness of relevant applied knowledge was relatively low. The total awareness rate of medical workers from women and children’s hospitals were significantly better than that of medical workers from general hospitals （P〈0.05）, and differences of the awareness depended on different specialties, professional titles and working age （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The majority of medical personnel in the surveyed area have grasped basic knowledge of PMTCT of HIV, but the ability of applying relevant knowledge precisely, promptly and standardly in daily practices needs to be improved. We recommend that, in addition to strengthening routine training on knowledge of PMTCT of HIV, the mastering and practice of key technical intervention strategies should be followed up and evaluated, especially for those from general hospitals. And it is also important to give training and after-training assessment based on different specialties.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 预防母婴传播 医务人员 知晓 

分 类 号：R714.251[医药卫生—妇产科学]