凡纳滨对虾2个选育群体的生长、消化、免疫酶活性及其抗白斑综合症病毒性能  

Growth Performance,Digestive Enzyme,Innate Immunity and WSSV-resistant Activity in Litopenaeus vannamei of Two Selective Breeding Groups

作　　者：黄永春[1,2] 郑伟刚[1] 陈辉辉[1] 黎中宝[1,2] 李文静[1] 张哲 杨章武 游伟伟[4] HUANG Yongchun ZHENG Weigang CHEN Huihui LI Zhongbao LI Wenjing ZHANG Zhe YANG Zhangwu YOU Weiwei(Fisheries College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021 ,China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment,Xiamen 361021 ,China Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361012, China College of Ocean ＆ Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [2]福建省海洋渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [3]福建水产研究所,福建厦门361012 [4]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第2期188-193,共6页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：福建省科技厅重大项目(2009N3011;2017N5012);厦门市海洋经济创新发展区域示范项目(13PZY001SF25)

摘　　要：为研究凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)2个选育群体(A、B)的生长、消化、免疫酶活性和抗白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)性能,将它们和未选育对虾在室外相同的养殖环境和管理条件下饲养102d.结果表明:B群体对虾的体长和体质量在饲养早期(≤40d)阶段表现出较强的优势,后期(>40d)表现为B群体>A群体>未选育对虾,且差异显著(p<0.05);A、B选育群体对虾的收获规格分别比未选育对虾提高29.11%和46.81%(p<0.05),特定生长率提高6.80%和9.71%(p<0.05),饵料系数降低9.88%和11.73%(p<0.05),存活率提高33.97%和20.25%(p<0.05);除脂肪酶外,A、B选育群体对虾肝胰腺淀粉酶、蛋白酶活性分别比未选育对虾提高12.64%和29.49%,13.47%和24.07%,且差异显著(p<0.05);除谷胱甘肽转移酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶与未选育对虾无显著差异外,A、B选育群体对虾其他免疫酶活性均显著高于未选育对虾;经WSSV感染后,A、B选育群体50%死亡的时间比未选育对虾延后28.77和31.64h,未选育对虾感染138.56h后全部死亡,而A、B 2个选育群体仍存活6.67%和2.22%;另外,抗病指数显示A群体>B群体>未选育对虾,且差异显著(p<0.05).经连续多代的定向选育,A、B选育群体对虾的生长速度和抗病性能明显高于未选育对虾,其中A群体具有较强的抗病性能,B群体的生长性状较佳.这为建立速长、抗病的新品系提供了科学依据.In this paper, the growth performance, the activities of digestive enzymes, innate immunity and WSSV-resistance of the two selective groups （A and B） and no-selective shrimp were studied by rearing 102 d in the same outdoor environments and management conditions,respectively.The results showed that group B exhibited a strong growth superiority at the early stage （〈40 d）, and the body length and body weight of the shrimps were group B〉group A〉 no-selective shrimp after 40 d （p〈0.05）.The harvest body weight,specific growth rate and survival rate from group A and group B increased by 29.11% and 46.81% （p〈0.05）, 6.80% and 9.71% （p 〈0.05）, 33.97 % and 20.25 % （p 〈0.05）, respectively than those of no-selective shrimp. However, the feed conversion rate decreased by 9.88 % and 11.73 % （p 〈0.05） than that of no-selective shrimp.In addition, compared with no-selective shrimp, the activities of hepatopancreatic amylase and protease of two selective groups increased by 12.64 % and 29.49%,13.47 % and 24.07% ,respectively,which showed significant differences （P〈0.05） except for lipase. The immune enzyme activities of the two selective groups were significantly higher than that of no-selective shrimp except for GSH-S and GR. Moreover, after infection with WSSV,the median lethal time of the two selective groups were delayed by 28. 77 h and 31.64 h than that of no-selective shrimp,which all died in 138.56 h.The survival rate of the two selective groups was 6.67% and 2.22% ,respectively by the end of infection experiment.The indexes of WSSV-resistance showed group A〉group B〉no-selective shrimp after WSSV challenge（p 〈 0.05）.In conclusion, the growth rate and WSSV-resistant activity of the selective groups A and B were significantly higher than that of no-selective shrimp after successive generations of directional selection, in which the group A exhibited powerful capability of WSSV resistance, and group B showed higher growth rate.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 生长 消化 免疫因子 抗白斑综合症病毒性能 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]