基于人工降雨的土壤水分入渗研究  

A Study on Soil Water Infiltration through Artificial Rainfall Simulation

作　　者：宋幽静 张玉清 何俊仕[1] 万爽[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110866 [2]通辽市水利规划设计研究院,内蒙古通辽028006

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2017年第3期14-17,20,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项"半干旱区水循环与水生态安全关键技术研究"(1261530110115)

摘　　要：以半干旱区农田水循环为出发点,以西辽河半干旱区建平县为代表,通过人工模拟降雨及三因素三水平正交试验设计,对不同农田下垫面处理方式对降雨入渗的影响进行研究。为全面了解情况,共选取雨强(10、20、30mm/h)、土壤初始含水率(田间持水率的50%、60%、70%)及农田下垫面处理方式(平整裸地、起垄不覆膜、起垄覆膜)3个降雨入渗影响因素。结果表明:农田下垫面处理方式变化对降雨入渗的影响受控于降雨强度,雨强为最大降雨累积入渗量的首要影响因素,土壤初始含水率的影响较小。起垄覆膜对降雨入渗的影响主要体现为加快湿润锋推移,缩短入渗时间,减少降雨累积入渗量。Starting from farmland water cycle in semiarid area and taking Jianping county in the western Liao River semiarid basin as a representative,this paper studies the influence of farmland surface treatment methods on rainfall infiltration,through artificial rainfall simulation and orthogonal test with three factors and three levels.For comprehensive understanding,this study chooses three rainfall infiltration influence factors,including rain intensity（10,20,30 mm/h）,initial soil water content（50%,60%,70% of the field holding water rate） and farmland surface treatment methods（flat land,Ridging but no covered,Ridging and covered）.The results show that the influence of the surface treatment on the rainfall infiltration is controlled by the rainfall intensity; rainfall intensity is the main influence factor for the maximum rainfall accumulation infiltration amount; the influence of soil initial moisture content is small; the effect of ridging and covered surface treatment on rainfall infiltration is mainly reflected in speeding the wetting front moving,shortening the infiltration time and reducing rainfall cumulative infiltration.

关 键 词：人工降雨 降雨入渗 累积入渗量 湿润锋 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程]