奖赏敏感性在冲动性饮食行为中的作用  

The Roles of Reward Sensitivity in Impulsive Eating Behavior

作　　者：熊素红[1] 孙洪杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆工商大学商务策划学院,重庆400067

出　　处：《心理科学》2017年第2期429-435,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目(cstc2013jcyj A00023);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71472018)的资助

摘　　要：肥胖会导致癌症、心脏病、糖尿病等诸多健康问题,而冲动性饮食是肥胖的一个重要影响因素。厘清奖赏敏感性在冲动性饮食中的作用,有助于深入理解冲动性饮食行为。本文介绍了奖赏敏感性的概念、涉及的主要研究领域、生物学基础及测量;整理归纳出奖赏敏感性影响冲动性饮食的三种可能路径:通过注意力偏向影响对享乐性食品的感知、影响消费欲望及随后的自我控制;文章最后指出了基于奖赏敏感性对冲动性饮食进行拓展研究的可能方向。Impulsive eating behavior is defined as experiencing a sudden and unplanned urge to eat when facing hedonic food that is immediately gratifying and then acting on the impulse without careful deliberation on subsequent negative consequences. In fact, impulsive behavior contains two counteracting processes： desire for producing and self-control exerting, as many researchers pointed out. Impulsive eating is one of the most important reasons of obesity, and obesity can cause cancer, heart attack and diabetes etc., therefore, studying the impulsive eating behavior is very important to fight against obesity. Reward sensitivity, a stable ＇psychobiological＇ personality trait, is a source of impulsiveness and and has been demonstrated by many studies to be related to food taking and overweight/obesity. Exploring the roles of reward sensitivity in impulsive eating behavior contributes to the deep understanding of impulsive eating behavior and providing ideas for solving obesity problems. The authors reviewed the dispersive relevant literatures about impulsive eating behavior and reward sensitivity, trying to provide a comprehensive understanding of the roles of reward sensitivity in impulsive eating behavior from the complicated, even inconsistent results of studies by organizing the literatures. The processes of impulsive eating behavior are： noticing hedonic food, producing urge to consume, exerting self-control. Firstly, the authors introduced the concept of reward sensitivity, the major research fields reward sensitivity involved in, and the biological basis of reward sensitivity. The authors also introduced the measuring methods of reward sensitivity including measurement of fMRI （functional magnetic resonance imaging） and ERP （event-related potential）, as well as scale measurement; secondly, the authors analyzed the relevant literatures about the effects of reward sensitivity on impulsive eating behavior and proposed that there are three paths that reward sensitivity affects impulsive eating behavior�

关 键 词：奖赏敏感性 冲动性饮食 欲望 自我控制 注意力偏向 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]