江苏省城乡居民健康状况及卫生服务利用分析  

Analysis on health status and health service utilization of urban and rural residents in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：胡丹[1] 朱靖[2] 杨帆[1] 薛成兵[3] 陈家应[1] HU Dan ZHU Jing YANG Fan XUE Cheng-bing CHEN Jia-ying(The Research Center of Health Policy/Institute of Healthy Jiangsu Construction and Development, Nanjing Jiangsu 201166, China Center for Health Statistics and Information in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Jiangsu 210008, China School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing Jiangsu 210009, China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学卫生政策研究中心/健康江苏建设与发展研究院,江苏南京201166 [2]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210009 [3]江苏省卫生统计信息中心,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《中国卫生资源》2017年第2期158-161,167,共5页Chinese Health Resources

基　　金：苏北卫生发展研究所应用研究课题资助“苏北农村基层卫生人才队伍建设研究”(KY1070132144000081);江苏省教育厅高校哲学社会科学项目(2015SJB160)

摘　　要：目的:了解江苏省城乡居民的健康状况和卫生服务利用现状。方法:数据来源于第五次国家卫生服务调查江苏省调查资料中的家庭健康询问调查数据。采用多阶段分层抽样的方法,抽取江苏省18个县(市、区),对36 381名城乡居民进行问卷调查,内容包括调查对象人口学特征、自评健康状况以及卫生服务利用现状。结果:城市地区的居民健康自评状况稍好于农村居民。城市居民两周患病率、慢性病患病率和年住院率均高于农村居民,其中城市地区3个指标分别为19.90%、40.66%和8.93%,农村地区分别为17.50%、29.49%和8.23%。而农村居民的两周就诊率为12.30%,高于城市居民的10.60%。城乡居民在两周首诊机构和住院机构的选择差异具有统计学意义。结论:江苏省城乡居民的健康状况有所改善,农村居民两周就诊率高于城市,居民对卫生服务的利用更倾向于基层机构,城乡住院服务机构的病人流向变化存在差异。建议实施区域卫生规划,根据城乡地区的实际情况合理配置卫生资源,提高城市居民卫生资源利用效率。Objective： To understand the health status and health service utilization of urban and rural residents in Jiangsu Province. Methods： Data were retrieved from the 5th National Health Survey in Jiangsu Province. The uniform questionnaire was used to make a survey of health status and health service utilization of 36 381 residents from 18 sampling counties in Jiangsu Province. Results ： The self-assessed health status of urban residents was better than that of rural residents. The urban residents had a higher two-week prevalence rate, prevalence rate of chronic diseases and annual hospitalization rate than those of rural residents. The above indicators were 19.90%, 40.66% and 8.93% among urban residents, and were 17.50%, 29.49% and 8.23% among rural residents, respectively. Two-week consultation rate of rural residents was 12.30%, which was higher than 10.60% of urban residents. There was statistical difference on the institution choice of outpatient visits and hospitalizations. Conclusion： Health status of residents in Jiangsu Province has been improved. The urban residents had a lower health service utilization than that of the urban residents. Residents tend to utilize more health services from grassroots health institutions. There is difference of inpatient flow in urban and rural areas. It is suggested to carry out regional health planning, allocate health resources rationally according to the actual situation of urban and rural areas, and improve the efficiency of health service utilization in urban areas.

关 键 词：城乡居民 健康状况 卫生服务利用 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]