罗氏沼虾生长性状的种内杂交优势及遗传力与遗传相关分析  

Analysis of intraspecific heterosis,heritability and genetic correlation of growth traits of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

作　　者：江宗冰 戴习林[1] 明磊[1] 蒋飞 王海洋[1] 袁新程[1] 李玉锋[1] 丁福江 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海申漕特种水产开发公司,上海201516

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2017年第2期189-196,共8页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海市虾类产业技术体系建设项目(沪农科产字〔2014〕第5号)

摘　　要：为加快罗氏沼虾生长速度,以5个罗氏沼虾专门化品系选择系(A、B、C、D、E系)子四代为亲本,运用完全双列杂交方法建立了25个交配组合,90 d后对这些交配组合的子一代生长性状(体长、头胸甲宽、第一腹节宽、第一腹节高、体质量)进行种内杂交优势及遗传力与遗传相关分析。结果表明,除D×C组合外,其他杂交组合生长性状表型值均优于自交组合;所有杂交子一代均表现出平均杂种优势与超亲杂种优势,其中A×E组合杂交优势最大,可使体长增加17.22%,体质量增加71.08%;体长、头胸甲宽、第一腹节宽、第一腹节高及体质量的遗传力估计值依次为0.549、0.548、0.527、0.516和0.580,均达到了高度遗传力的标准;体长与体质量的遗传相关与表型相关均最大,分别为0.752 2和0.980 0;头胸甲宽与第一腹节高的遗传相关最小为0.667 5,体长与第一腹节高的表型相关最小为0.924 0。本研究可对罗氏沼虾进一步提高生长速度的杂交选育工作提供科学依据。The germplasm resources of M. rosenbergii are declining in China. To solve this problem,we used5 strains（ A,B,C,D,E） as parents to make complete diallel cross and built 25 mating combinations,whose intraspecific heterosis and genetic correlations of growth traits（ body length,carapace width,the first abdominal segment width,the first abdominal segment height and body weight） were analyzed at 90 dph,respectively. The results indicated that the growth traits of all hybrid combinations were better than those of self-combination except D × C. The heterosis was observed in all hybrid combinations, the hybrid combinations of A × E has the greatest heterosis. It can increase the body length by 17. 22%,and can increase the weight gain by 71. 64%. The heritability was 0. 549,0. 548,0. 527,0. 516,0. 580 for body length,carapace width,the first abdominal segment width,the first abdominal segment height and body weight,respectively. The genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation between body length and body weight was the highest（ 0. 752 2 and 0. 98）,while the genetic correlation between carapace width and first abdomere segment height was the lowest（ 0. 667 5）,and the phenotypic correlation between body length and the first abdominal segment height was the lowest（ 0. 924 0）. The results would provide theoretic basis for further fast growth selective breeding and hybridization of M. rosenbergii.

关 键 词：罗氏沼虾 生长性状 杂种优势 遗传力 遗传相关 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]