南京话响音的鼻化度——兼论/n、l/不分的实质  

An Analysis of Sound Nasality on Sonorants in Nanjing Dialect:The Essence of the Confusion between /n/ and /l/

作　　者：时秀娟[1] 梁磊[2] SHI Xiu-juan LIANG Lei

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学文学院 [2]南开大学汉语言文化学院

出　　处：《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2017年第2期153-160,共8页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"普通话语音标准声学和感知参数数据库建设"之子课题"鼻音声学和听辨标准参数"(13&ZD134);天津市哲学社会科学研究规划资助项目"基于鼻音计实验的汉语方言/n;l/分混的类型学研究"(TJZW10-2-490)的研究成果之一

摘　　要：本文使用鼻音计(Nasometer)考察了南京话响音的鼻化度。结果发现:南京话元音内在鼻化度大小与元音发音时舌位的前、后和高、低有关系,表现出与北京话大体一致的趋势,都是[a]的鼻化度最高,[u]的鼻化度最低,前高元音[y]的鼻化度也较低。元音的内在鼻化度及非鼻音浊声母[l]、[Z]的鼻化度在40以上,鼻音声母[m]的鼻化度在80以上,鼻化元音基本都处在N值40和80之间的断裂带上。南京话鼻音[n]与边音[l]相混的现象实质是/n/与/l/两个音位的完全合流,[n]与[l]是一个音位的两个条件变体,合流过程中产生了中介音——鼻化边音[I]。Using the Nasometer, we studied the nasality contrast of voiced initials and the intrinsic nasality of seven cardinal vowels in Nanjing dialect. The results show that the nasality contrast degree of initial consonants is high. The intrinsic nasality of vowels is closely related to the position of the tongue. The lower and more front the tongue is, the greater the degree of nasalization; the higher and more back the tongue is, the lower the degree of nasalization, and vice versa. The nasals and non-nasals have their own critical nasality values, where there is a gap between nasals and non-nasals, and the nasalized vowels lie in the gap. The consonants [ n ] and [ 1 ] are actually two conditioned variants of the same phoneme, and the nasalized liquid [ T ] is produced in the process of the integration of the two sounds.

关 键 词：南京话 声母 鼻化对比度 元音 内在鼻化度 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]