氢氧化钠活化法制备棉秆基活性炭实验条件优化  

Experimental Conditions Optimization of Activated Carbon Prepared with Cotton Stalk by NaOH Activation

作　　者：孔德国[1,2] 宋宝栋 周岭[1,2] 陈明鸽[3] 李风娟[1,2] 李坷[1,2] 张红美[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木大学生命科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《化工技术与开发》2017年第3期1-3,32,共4页Technology & Development of Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51566016)

摘　　要：以氢氧化钠为活化剂,对以棉花秸秆为原料制备的生物炭进行活化,得到棉秆基活性炭。采用正交实验方法,研究了活化剂与生物炭比例、浸渍时间、活化温度和活化时间对所制备的棉秆基活性炭持水能力的影响。通过极差分析方法,以持水能力为参考指标,得到制备棉秆基活性炭的最佳工艺:氢氧化钠与生物炭质量比为3∶2、浸渍时间为16h、活化温度为500℃、活化时间为90min,在该工艺下得到的棉秆基活性炭的持水能力为7.89g·g^(-1),平均孔径为10.11nm,最可几孔径为3.75nm。SEM结果表明,所制备的活性炭大部分孔洞结构被破坏,在孔壁上分布有更小的孔洞。Biological carbon based on cotton stalk was frstly prepared with cotton straw. Then, biological carbon were activated by sodium hydroxide to make activated carbon. Effects of active agent and biological carbon ratio, soaking time, activation temperature and activation time were studied on the water holding capacity of the activated carbon by orthogonal experimental method. By range analysis method, the optimal experimental scheme were as followed： quality ratio of sodium hydroxide to biological carbon was 3：2, the soaking time was 16h, the activation temperature was 500℃ and the activation time was 90min. Under these conditions, the water holding capacity was 7.89mg/g, average diameter was 10.11nm, and the most probable aperture of activated carbon was 3.75nm. SEM results showed that most of the pore structure of the prepared activated carbon were destroyed, and the smaller holes were distributed on the hole wall.

关 键 词：氢氧化钠 活性炭 持水能力 

分 类 号：TQ351.21[化学工程] TQ424.1