广州市典型有机蔬菜基地土壤中磺胺类抗生素污染特征及风险评价  

Distribution and risk assessment of sulfonamide antibiotics in soil from organic vegetable farms in Guangzhou

作　　者：成玉婷 吴小莲[1] 向垒[1] 莫测辉[1] 蔡全英[1] 李彦文[1] 李慧[1] 李鹤建 苏青云 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学环境学院,广东省环境污染控制与修复材料工程中心,广东广州510632 [2]东莞市农产品质量安全监督检测所,广东东莞523086

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第3期1154-1161,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家基金委-广东省政府联合基金(NSFC)重点项目(U1501233);广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目(2016A030312009);广东省应用型科技研发专项(2015B020235008);国家自然科学基金(41573093,41273113)

摘　　要：研究了广州市典型有机蔬菜基地土壤中8种磺胺类抗生素(SAs)的污染特征和风险水平.结果表明,8种SAs在土壤中普遍检出(检出率≥94%),总含量为0.73~973μg/kg,单个化合物以SMZ和ST含量最高.不同蔬菜基地土壤以及种植不同蔬菜土壤中SAs的组成分布和含量水平差异较大,根茎类蔬菜(平均含量289μg/kg)>瓜果类蔬菜(平均含量143μg/kg)>叶菜类蔬菜(平均含量98.1μg/kg),大棚土壤中SAs平均含量(8.9μg/kg)低于露天土壤(18.2μg/kg).生态风险评价显示SMZ风险最高(50%以上样品为中等或高风险),其次为SD、SDM和ST(20%~50%样品为中等或高风险),SM2、SM和SPD生态风险较低(80%样品为低风险).与珠三角普通蔬菜基地相比,广州有机蔬菜基地土壤中SAs的检出率及含量均较高.Distribution and risk assessment of 8 sulfonamide antibiotics（SAs） in soils from different organic vegetable farms in Guangzhou were investigated in the present study. Results showed that all of the 8 SAs were widely detected in the soils（detection rate ≥94%）, with the concentrations ranging from 0.73～973μg/kg. Among the SAs, SMZ and ST were the predominant compounds. Distributions and concentrations of the SAs varied in different organic vegetable farms and in soils grown different vegetables, root vegetables（average concentration 289μg/kg） 〉fruit vegetables（average concentration 143μg/kg）〉 leaf vegetables（average concentration 98.1μg/kg）. In addition, the average concentrations of SAs in greenhouse soils（8.9μg/kg） were significantly lower than those in open-field soils（18.2μg/kg）. Risk assessments showed that SMZ posed the highest ecological risks with more than 50% of soils over medium risks, followed by SD, SDM, and ST with 20%～50% of soils over medium risks. SM2, SM, and SPD posed relatively low ecological risk with 80% of soils under low risk. Compared with conventional vegetable farms in the Pearl River Delta, the detection rates and the concentrations of SAs in organic vegetable farms in Guangzhou were significantly higher.

关 键 词：磺胺 抗生素 有机蔬菜基地 土壤 风险评价 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]