不同年份水稻抽穗期和穗部性状QTL分析  

QTL Analysis for Heading Stage and Panicle Traits at Different Years in Rice

作　　者：任春元[1,2] 范淑秀[2] 刘进[2] 朱琳[2] 杨绮文[2] 刘丹[3] 马殿荣[2] 王嘉宇[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]沈阳农业大学水稻研究所/农业部东北水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,沈阳110161 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院,黑龙江牡丹江157041

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2017年第1期78-83,共6页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2014AA10A603-15);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201203026-3)

摘　　要：穗部性状与水稻品种的丰产潜力密切相关,而抽穗期是决定水稻品种能否在一个地区种植的决定因素,了解穗部性状和抽穗期的遗传基础及其与产量性状的关系,对水稻高产育种具有重要意义。以粳稻笹锦和籼稻北陆129杂交、回交衍生的回交重组自交系(BILs)群体为试验材料,对抽穗期和穗部相关性状进行QTL分析。结果表明,抽穗期和穗粒数在亲本间存在显著的差异,且抽穗期与结实率间存在显著负相关。检测到8个控制抽穗期的QTL,其中qHD3、qHD7和qHD8在2年中都被检测到,贡献率介于7.03%~27.48%之间,具有较强的延长抽穗期功能;检测到5个控制颖花数的QTL,其中qGN1a和qGN5在2年里都被检测到,贡献率介于8.37%~20.05%之间;检测到5个控制实粒数的QTL,其中qSN1a是1个稳定表达的主效QTL位点;检测到4个控制结实率的QTL,其中qSSR12是1个稳定表达的主效QTL位点。比较分析发现,qHD1a与qSSR1、qHD12与qSSR12存在遗传重叠效应,qHD1b与qGN1c和qSN1b、qSN2与qSSR2、qSSR6与qGN6和qSN6存在遗传重叠效应,这表明抽穗期和穗粒数是影响籽粒灌浆结实的主要因素。这些QTL将为水稻分子育种提供理论参考。Panicle traits are closely related to the yield potential of rice varieties, and the heading date is the determining factor of whether rice varieties can be planted in area region. It is important to understand the genetic basis of panicle traits and heading date and its relationship with yield traits. The backcross recombinant inbred lines（BILs） derived from the cross between Sasanisiki（japonica） and Habataki（indica） were used to identify QTLs for heading stage and panicle traits in different environments. The results showed that there were significant differences between heading dates and between grain number per panicle, and there was significant negative correlation between heading date and seed setting rate. A total of eight QTLs were mapped for plant heading stage, among these QTL, qHD3, qHD7 and qHD8 were identified in two years, and they were able to extend the heading date. Five QTLs were mapped for spikelets per panicle, among them, qGN1a and qGN5 were detected in two years. Five QTLs were detected for filled grain number per panicle, qSN1a was a stable expression of the main effect QTL. Four QTLs were detected for seed setting rates, qSSR12 was a stable expression of the main effect QTL. In addition, among them,pleiotropic QTL qHD1a and qSSR1, qHD12 and qSSR12, qHD1b and qGN1c and qSN1b qSN2 and qSSR2, qSSR6 and qGN6 and qSN6 were detected on the same region of chromosome, which indicated that heading date and grains per panicle were the most important factors affecting grain filling. The identification of genes constituting the QTLs will help to further understand the molecular mechanisms underlying heading stage and provide a theoretical reference for the molecular marker assisted selection.

关 键 词：水稻 不同年份 抽穗期 穗部性状 数量性状位点 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]