深空探测多天线组阵的增益损失研究  

Gain Loss of Deep Space Exploration Antenna Arraying

作　　者：孙克[1,2] 杜黎明[1] 程艳合[1] 王俊彦[1] 刘景勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航天飞行控制中心,北京100094 [2]装备学院研究生管理大队,北京101416

出　　处：《飞行器测控学报》2016年第6期422-428,共7页Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61271265)

摘　　要：为定量分析上行天线组阵增益损失的影响因素,提出一种通过建立数学模型分析合成损耗的估计方法。首先基于天线原理和电磁波传输理论建立了天线组阵上行链路信号的数学模型,以统计学理论对数学模型进行分析,得到了影响上行链路信号的若干因素。通过分析得出,深空探测信号在远距离传输中因大气相位扰动引起的误差是造成天线组阵增益损失的最主要因素。再通过对大气相位扰动误差的进一步分析,构建S频段和X频段下大气相位扰动的空间自相关模型和时间自相关模型,得到组阵基线长度和工作仰角同合成损耗的关系。经过对各误差源的分析可知,在目前的技术水平下,能够满足上行天线组阵工程应用的精度要求。This paper presents an estimation method of combining loss by building the mathematical model in order to provide quantitative analysis of influence factor on gain loss of uplink antenna arraying. First, the mathematical model of remote uplink antenna arraying signal was built based on the principle of antenna and the theory of electro-magnetic wave propagation. The model was analyzed by statistical method and certain factors affecting the uplinks were found. The results show that deep space exploration signal errors caused by atmospheric phase disturbance are the most important factor affecting gain loss of the uplink antenna arraying in long distance transmission. Finally, a spatial autocorrelation model and a temporal autocorrelation model of atmospheric phase disturbance in S-band and X-band were built from further error analysis. The relationship between the arraying baseline length and the working elevation is got with the combining loss. In the current level of technology, it meets the accuracy require-ments in engineering applications of uplink antenna arraying by analyzing various error sources.

关 键 词：深空探测 天线组阵 大气相位扰动 误差分析 数学模型 增益损失 

分 类 号：V556.6[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] TN820.15[电子电信—信息与通信工程]