一种任意布设多元阵列的声定位方法研究  

Research on an Acoustic Localization Method Based on Arbitrary Layout Array

作　　者：崔林林[1] 宋萍[1] 石庚辰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学仿生机器人与系统教育部重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《压电与声光》2017年第2期236-238,共3页Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61074178)

摘　　要：针对传统声定位系统难以满足传感器阵列所需满足的特定几何形状布设问题,提出了一种任意布设多元阵列的声定位方法。由于算法需要保证定位公式中的转换矩阵为非奇异矩阵,因此,最少需要5个阵元满足对声源进行空间定位,具有较好的工程应用前景。通过MATLAB对该算法进行仿真,在500m×500m的区域,时延标准差为60μs,蒙特卡洛次数为500次,计算得出x、y轴的最大误差不超过0.04 m,z轴的最大误差不超过0.1m。由此可见,该定位方法不仅可有效实现对声源的三维定位,并可灵活应用于战场或其他声目标的探测。The conventional acoustic localization system cannot meet the specific geometry of the array layout.An acoustic localization method based on arbitrary layout array is proposed in this paper.Since the algorithm needs to ensure that the transformation matrix is nonsingular,and at least 5elements are required to localize the sound source,the proposed method has good engineering application prospects.The simulation of the algorithm has been carried out with MATLAB.The simulation area is 500m×500m.The delay standard deviation is 60μs.The numbers of Monte Carlo are 500 times.The maximum errors of xand y-coordinates are less than 0.04 m.The maximum error of z-coordinate is less than 0.1m.It shows that this algorithm can not only effectively calculate the three-dimensional positioning of the sound source,but also can be flexibly applied to detect the sound or other sound targets on the battlefield.

关 键 词：声学 波达时间差(TDOA) 任意布设 定位 精度 时延 

分 类 号：TN911.72[电子电信—通信与信息系统]