应用PCR-DGGE分析发酵床养殖仔猪消化道菌群多样性及其演替  

Analysis on Diversity and Succession of Bacterial Flora in Digestive Tract of Weaned Piglets on Fermentation Bed by PCR-DGGE

作　　者：柳尧波[1] 傅建功 任素芳[3] 郭立辉[3] 张玉玉[3] 刘玉庆[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院农产品研究所,山东济南250100 [2]山东省栖霞市畜牧兽医站,山东烟台265300 [3]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,山东济南250100

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2017年第3期14-18,共5页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(2013ZX10004217-003);山东省济南市高校院所自主创新项目((2009)第18号)

摘　　要：利用PCR-DGGE技术研究了发酵床和水泥地养殖21d和42d仔猪消化道各段菌群多样性和相似性,结果表明,饲养全程中仔猪胃中菌群种类较少,经胃酸等抑制作用,回肠中菌群最少;之后,菌群迅速增殖,盲肠、结肠中菌群种类较多。相比于水泥地,发酵床提供了稳定而丰富的菌群和稳定的温湿度,能够持续增加消化道两端的胃和结肠中的菌群多样性,促进回肠菌群演替为稳定的盲肠菌群;全程保持较高比例的乳酸菌属,一定程度上抑制或减缓弯曲菌属、志贺菌属、埃希氏菌属生长增殖,有利于构建和维护仔猪消化道正常菌群,对于提高仔猪健康和生产性能是一种较为理想的养殖方式。PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （D G G E ） were used to monitor the ecological suc-cession and diversity of bacterial flora in each part of digestive tract of weaned piglets raised on fermentation bed and traditional concrete floor at day 21 and day 42. During the whole experimental process, the number of stomach flora species was small, and the smallest was in the ileum which caused by the inhibition of gastric juice; then the flora got the most bacteria species with rapid proliferation in cecum and colon. Compared with concrete floor, fer-mentation bed provided a stable temperature, humidity, and abundant flora, which was similar to the digestive tract, which could continuously increase the flora diversity of stomach and colon in both ends of the digestive tract, promote the ileum flora into stable cecum flora, the higher proportion of Lactobacillus was kept which could inhibit or retard proliferation of Campylobacter, Shigella, Escherichia to a certain extent. Fermentation bed is an ideal way of piglets farming which is beneficial to building and maintaining normal digestive tract flora for improving the health and productivity of piglets.

关 键 词：PCR-DGGE 发酵床 仔猪 消化道菌群 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]