鲜菌草与灵芝菌丝发酵菌质对奶牛产奶品质和血液生理生化指标的影响  

Effect of the fermentation products by fresh Juncao and ganoderma lucidum on milk quality and blood physiological and biochemical indexes

作　　者：郑丹[1] 林占熺[1] 李梦思[2] 林辉[1] Zheng Dan Lin Zhanxi Li Mengsi Lin Hui

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院菌草研究所,福建福州350002 [2]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《饲料工业》2017年第5期38-41,共4页Feed Industry

基　　金：福建省中青年教师教育科研项目[JB13065]

摘　　要：研究旨在观察鲜菌草与灵芝菌丝发酵菌质对奶牛产奶品质和血液生理生化指标的影响。选取产奶量相近,胎次(1~2)胎,泌乳中期,体重无显著性差异,遗传组成基本相似的荷斯坦奶牛10头,按统计学原理,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各5头。试验组每天每头添加3.0 kg鲜菌草与灵芝菌丝发酵菌质替代等量的青贮,对照组饲喂基础日粮。试验组除饲喂日粮不同外,其余条件都与对照组保持一致。结果表明:试验组牛奶中乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率比CK分别提高了2.24%、0.99%、0.42%,体细胞数降低了4.46%,但差异不显著(P>0.05);菌质对奶牛血清中的总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、甘油三脂、总胆固醇、葡萄糖、尿素、谷丙转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、磷等生化指标基本无影响,虽然试验组中Ca含量比CK含量高0.23 mmol/l,差异显著(P<0.05),但试验前后两组血清Ca含量均在正常范围内。鲜菌草与灵芝菌丝发酵后,菌草中的纤维素和半纤维素等被大量降解,而蛋白质、脂肪的含量却提高了,并同时产生了大量的代谢产物(如氨基酸),提高了奶牛的采食积极性和消化率;同时,灵芝菌丝体含有大量的菌丝多糖和三萜,可以提高奶牛免疫力,进而提高其产奶品质。This experiment was conducted to study the effect of mycelia fermentation of fresh Juncao and ganoderma lucidum on milk quality and blood physiological and biochemical indexes of dairy cows.Ten Holstein dairy cows with similar milk yield,parity （1～2 tires）,mid lactation,and no significant difference in body weight were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group according to the statistical principle,each group of five.The test group added 3.0 kg mycelia fermentation substitute silage per head per day.The control group was fed the basal diet.Except for the diets,the rest of the test groups were consistent with the control group.To study the effect of mycelia fermentation of ganoderma lucidum on milk quality and blood physiological and biochemical indexes of dairy cows.The results showed that the milk fat,milk protein and lactose ratio were increased by 2.24%,0.99% and 0.42%,and the number of somatic cells decreased by 4.46%（P〉0.05）.The total protein,albumin,globulin,triglyceride,total cholesterol,glucose,urea,Alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,phosphorus and other biochemical indexes had no significant difference in serum of dairy cows.Although the content of calcium in test group was higher than that of 0.23 mmol/l,significant difference with the CK（P〈0.05）,but all in the normal range.The cellulose and hemicellulose in mycelia fermentation were degraded,and the protein and fat content were increased,and also created a large number of metabolites （such as amino acids）,improved cow feeding enthusiasm and digestibility;At the same time,ganoderma lucidum mycelium contains a large number of mycelium polysaccharides and triterpene,can improve the immunity of dairy cows,and improve the quality of milk.

关 键 词：菌草 灵芝菌丝 奶牛 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]