Biochar-Induced Changes in Soil Resilience:Effects of Soil Texture and Biochar Dosage  

作　　者：Ayodele Ebenezer AJAYI Rainer HORN 

机构地区：[1]Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, 340252 Akure, Ondo State (Nigeria) [2]Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, CAU Kiel, 24118 Kiel (Germany)

出　　处：《Pedosphere》2017年第2期236-247,共12页土壤圈（英文版）

基　　金：the George Foster Research Fellowship provided by Alexander yon Humboldt Fellowship of Germany.

摘　　要：Biochars are, amongst other available amendment materials, considered as an attractive tool in agriculture for carbon sequestration and improvement of soil functions. The latter is widely discussed as a consequence of improved physical quality of the amended soil.However, the mechanisms for this improvement are still poorly understood. This study investigated the effect of woodchip biochar amendment on micro-structural development, micro-and macro-structural stability, and resilience of two differently textured soils,fine sand(FS) and sandy loam(SL). Test substrates were prepared by adding 50 or 100 g kg^(-1) biochar to FS or SL. Total porosity and plant available water were significantly increased in both soils. Moreover, compressive strength of the aggregates was significantly decreased when biochar amount was doubled. Mechanical resilience of the aggregates at both micro-and macro-scale was improved in the biochar-amended soils, impacting the cohesion and compressive behavior. A combination of these effects will result in an improved pore structure and aeration. Consequently, the physicochemical environment for plants and microbes is improved. Furthermore, the improved stability properties will result in better capacity of the biochar-amended soil to recover from the myriad of mechanical stresses imposed under arable systems, including vehicle traffic, to the weight of overburden soil. However, it was noted that doubling the amendment rate did not in any case offer any remarkable additional improvement in these properties, suggesting a further need to investigate the optimal amendment rate.Biochars are, amongst other available amendment materials, considered as an attractive tool in agriculture for carbon sequestration and improvement of soil functions. The latter is widely discussed as a consequence of improved physical quality of the amended soil. However, the mechanisms for this improvement are still poorly understood. This study investigated the effect of woodchip biochar amendment on micro-structural development, micro- and macro-structural stability, and resilience of two differently textured soils, fine sand （FS） and sandy loam （SL）. Test substrates were prepared by adding 50 or 100 g kg-1 biochar to FS or SL. Total porosity and plant available water were significantly increased in both soils. Moreover, compressive strength of the aggregates was significantly decreased when biochar amount was doubled. Mechanical resilience of the aggregates at both micro- and macro-scale was improved in the biochar-amended soils, impacting the cohesion and compressive behavior. A combination of these effects will result in an improved pore structure and aeration. Consequently, the physicochemical environment for plants and microbes is improved. Furthermore, the improved stability properties will result in better capacity of the biochar-amended soil to recover from the myriad of mechanical stresses imposed under arable systems, including vehicle traffic, to the weight of overburden soil. However, it was noted that doubling the amendment rate did not in any case offer any remarkable additional improvement in these properties, suggesting a further need to investigate the optimal amendment rate.

关 键 词：aggregate stability amendment material compressive strength RHEOMETRY shear properties total porosity 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]