儿童过敏性紫癜临床特点分析  

Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics of Allergic Purpura in Children

作　　者：解洪丽 孙中厚[2] 张海美[1] 郝显 翟玉萍[1] 郑扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院儿科学教研室,山东潍坊261053 [2]潍坊市人民医院儿科

出　　处：《潍坊医学院学报》2017年第1期71-72,共2页Acta Academiae Medicinae Weifang

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童过敏性紫癜(HSP)的病因、临床表现及预后特点,提高对该病的认识,并提高诊疗水平。方法回顾性分析2012年1月~2016年11月住院的HSP患儿资料,包括年龄、性别、发病时间、病史、实验室检查、治疗方法等做归类分析。结果 156例HSP患儿中,男35例(62.5%),女22例(37.5%),男女比为1.67,发病年龄4~12岁,病程5~14d。发病季节,春季6例(10.7%),夏季3例(5.4%),秋季25例(44.6%),冬季22例(39.3%)。2临床分型:单纯型28例(50.0%),腹型11例(19.6%),关节型7例(12.5%),肾型10例(17.9%)。查血常规白细胞高者13例(23.2%);血沉高者7例(12.5%)。356例患儿中大部分曾经在2~3周内或入院时存在感染,2例在入院之前曾经接种疫苗。56例患儿预后良好,无死亡病例,均治愈或好转出院。结论 HSP患儿,学龄前期及学龄期是发病高峰;秋、冬季多发;首发临床表现主要为皮肤紫癜,预后较好。Objective To get the clinical features of children with Henoch-Sehonlein purpura in hospital Methods The data of hospitalized children with HSP during the period of I st January 2012 to 30th November 2016 were collected and analyzed. The collected infor- mation included age lgender, disease duration,clinical manifestation,relevant examination results. Results （1）There were 56 hospitalized children with HSP,aged 4 - 12 years old. The male （ n =35）to female （n =22） ratio was 1.67. Of all the cases,6 cases happened in spring, 3 cases in summer,25 cases in autumn and 22 cases in winter. （2）According to the clinical manifestation,the children were classified into four types ： typical HSP （ 28 cases ,50.0% ）, gastrointestinal involvement （ 11 eases, 19.6%） ,joint involvement 17 cases, 12.5 % ） , kidney involve- ment（ 10 cases, 17.9% ）. （3）Most children have infectious history before this oncome 2 - 3 weeks ago and 2 cases were vaccinated. All the children can be better or healing and no death. Conclusion The male have higher probability to develop this disease. The peak incidence age is preschool and school age. HSP can happen most in autumn and winter. Purpura is the first manifestation in most HSP cases. All the children with HSP have good prognosis.

关 键 词：过敏性紫癜 儿童 临床特征 

分 类 号：R554.6[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病]