保障饮用水安全的水质监测分析  

Review on the safety of monitoring indexes of drinking water in China

作　　者：左锐[1,2] 尹芝华[1,2] 孟利[1,2] 翟远征[1,2] 王金生[1,2] 王膑[3] 周爱霞[1,2] ZUO Rui YIN Zhihua MENG Li ZHAI Yuanzheng WANG Jinsheng WANG Bin ZHOU Aixia(College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100875, China Center for Environmental Risk and Damage Assessment, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]地下水污染控制与修复教育部工程研究中心,北京100875 [3]环境保护部环境规划院环境风险与损害鉴定研究中心,北京100012

出　　处：《科技导报》2017年第5期54-58,共5页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41402211;41372233);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07201-010)

摘　　要：饮用水安全是全球当前面临的突出环境问题,直接影响到人体健康与生命安全,保障饮用水安全也是全球关注热点。受2014年兰州局部自来水苯超标事件启示,在对中国饮用水安全保障体系现状分析的基础上,通过对国内外饮用水水质卫生标准、监测指标、监测频率和监测技术与方法等方面进行对比分析,发现中国饮用水安全保障体系存在着中国水质标准中规定监测指标尤其是有机污染物指标偏少、供水企业在检测费用压力较大、中国饮用水水质检测方法滞后于检测技术发展等主要问题。在此基础上,借鉴国外先进经验、结合中国实际情况对以上问题提出了扩大饮用水污染物指标集的范围,科学减少监测成本,尽快建立全过程、全方位、高精度的供水水质安全的立体监测网络等针对性建议,可为中国饮用水安全管理提供参考。Safety of drinking water is a prominent environmental problem worldwide, which is directly related to people＇s life and health.How to guarantee the safety of drinking water is also becoming globally a hot issue. The paper tries to discuss deeply the main problems about the security system of drinking water in China, which were reflected by the unexpected event that the benzene in the local tap water was over the standard in Lanzhou in 2014. Based on the analysis of the current situation of security system of drinking water in China, we compare domestic and foreign health standards in terms of monitoring indexes, monitoring frequencies and monitoring methods. Combining the foreign advanced experience with the practical situation in China, we put forward corresponding proposals on the basis of the measures to provide a scientific basis for improvement of the safety of drinking water.

关 键 词：饮用水 安全 保障体系 标准 污染事件 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]