中国轮作休耕制度的应用进展  

Application Advance of Rotation Fallow System in China

作　　者：钱晨晨 黄国勤[1,2] 赵其国[3] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学生态科学研究中心,南昌330045 [2]江西省高校生态学学科联盟,南昌330045 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《农学学报》2017年第3期37-41,共5页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：中国科学院学部咨询评议项目"探索实行耕地轮作休耕制度试点问题咨询研究"(咨询评议项目没有项目编号)

摘　　要：当前中国土地污染严重,再加上长期处于高负荷的运转状态,使得粮食的高产稳产受到严重威胁。为了加快传统农业向现代农业形式的转变,保持中国农业可持续发展,为建设资源节约和环境友好型社会提供技术支撑和理论依据,本文归纳了轮作休耕的提出、内涵及可行性,认为推行轮作休耕具有保护物种多样性、提高土壤有机质含量、减少化肥和农药使用量等现实意义,并例举出国内外轮作休耕的典型案例加以描述,提出了有效推进轮作休耕的6点建议:制定科学的计划;明确轮作休耕的范围;进行有效的管理和监督;加强宣传力度;调整农业种植结构;确定合理的补偿标准。At present,land pollution is serious in China,coupled with long-term operation under high load,it makes the high and stable yield of grain under serious threat.In order to speed up the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture,to maintain the sustainable development of agriculture in China,and to provide technical support and theoretical basis for building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society,this study concludes the proposing,content and feasibility of rotation fallow.It is considered that the rotation fallow cultivation has the practical significance of protecting the species diversity,increasing the soil organic matter content and reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticides.The study also describes the typical cases of rotation fallowing at home and abroad,and puts forward six suggestions for effectively promoting the rotation fallow：make scientific plans;define the scope of fallow rotation;carry out effective management and supervision;strengthen propaganda;adjust agricultural planting structure;determine reasonable compensation standards.

关 键 词：轮作休耕 耕地 土壤 可行性建议 农业可持续发展 

分 类 号：S-01[农业科学]