薹肥施用时期和施氮量对毯苗移栽油菜株高和产量的影响  

Effects of Fertilizer Bolting Period and N Fertilizer Application Amount on Height and Yield of Blanket Seedling Transplanting Rapeseed

作　　者：杨光 冷锁虎 左青松 李苗苗 冯云艳 张含笑 刘浩 冯倩南 张娟 惠飞虎[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏扬州225007

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第4期30-37,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(作物学);江苏省农机三新工程项目"油菜毯状苗育苗及配套高产栽培技术试验示范"(NJ2015-26);江苏省农机三新工程项目"适合于机械化栽插的油菜毯状苗育苗技术研究及其试验示范"(NJ2014-28);江苏省博士后基金项目"生长调节剂对油菜毯状苗秧苗素质的调控机理"(1402027B)

摘　　要：为研究薹肥施用时期和施氮量对毯苗移栽油菜株高和产量的影响,2012—2013年以‘宁杂1818’和‘苏油4号’为材料,在水稻标准硬质育秧盘内培育油菜毯状苗并进行移栽。通过设置不同的薹肥施用时期和施氮量,研究施薹肥施用时期和施氮量对毯苗移栽油菜株高和产量的影响。结果表明,推迟薹肥施用时期和增加施氮量均可以增加植株高度,但主茎高度变化不大,增加主要在主序轴长度上。增加薹肥施用量可以增加籽粒产量,高氮处理比低氮处理增产8.16%;全株角果数和每角粒数分别增加13.44%和8.65%,千粒重下降4.59%。适当推迟薹肥施用时期籽粒产量增加。薹高50 cm时施肥比0、30 cm时施肥分别增产13.54%、5.01%,全株角果数分别增加11.98%、2.74%,每角粒数分别增加9.76%、6.66%,千粒重下降2.5%、0.89%。In order to study the effects of fertilizer bolting period and nitrogen fertilizer application amount on height and yield of blanket seedling transplanting rapeseed,the authors used the rapeseed cultivar ‘Ningza 1818’ and ‘Suyou No.4’ as materials,cultivated blanket shaped seedling in the standard hard rice seedling tray and transplanted the seedlings during 2012-2013.By setting different bolting fertilizer application periods and amounts of nitrogen fertilizer,the authors studied the effects of bolting fertilizer application period and of nitrogen application amount on blanket seedling transplanting rapeseed height and yield.Results showed that delayed bolting fertilizer application and increased amount of nitrogen fertilizer could increase plant height,but the main stem height changed little,the increase was mainly in the axial length of the main sequence.Increased bolting fertilizer amount could increase grain yield,and the grain yield of high nitrogen treatment was 8.6% more than that of low nitrogen treatment;the total silique number and the number per pod increased by 13.44% and 8.65%,respectively,and the 1000 grain weight decreased by 4.59%.The appropriate delay of bolting fertilizer application increased the grain yield.Compared with fertilizer application at the bolting height of 0 and 30 cm,fertilizer application at the bolting height of 50 cm increased the yield by13.54% and 5.01%,the total silique number by 11.98% and 2.74%,and the number per pod by 9.76% and 6.66%,respectively,and decreased the 1000 grain weight by 2.5% and 0.89%.

关 键 词：油菜 毯状苗 薹肥 株高 产量 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学] S565.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]