缓/控释肥侧条施用对水稻产量与农学性状的影响  

Effect of Side Bar Application of Slow/controlled Release Fertilizers on Rice Yield and Agronomic Characters

作　　者：王睿[1] 刘汝亮[1] 赵天成[1] 纪立东[1] 赵营[1] Wang Rui Liu Ruliang Zhao Tiancheng Ji Lidong Zhao Ying(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Nutrition of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 75000)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所/宁夏回族自治区土壤与植物营养重点实验室,银川750002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第6期1-5,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：宁夏"十三五"重点科技项目子课题"引黄灌区农业面源污染防控技术研究与示范"(NKYZ-16-0904);"农业废弃物利用与功能性生物制剂研发"(NKYZ-16-0907);宁夏农林科学院科技创新先导资金项目"水稻;玉米专用缓/控释肥的研制与示范应用"(NKYG-15-15)

摘　　要：为了探讨缓/控释肥侧条施用技术在宁夏引黄灌区水稻上的应用效果,通过田间试验研究了不施肥(CK)、自研制水稻缓释复合肥(SRF1)、商品铁杆缓释复合肥(SRF2)、自研制水稻控释掺混肥(BB1)、商品掺混肥(BB2)和农民习惯(CON)6个施肥处理对水稻产量和农学性状的影响,并评价了其氮肥生产效率。结果表明:不同施肥处理下水稻籽粒产量为6622~10761 kg/hm2,收获指数为0.42~0.54,分别以BB1和BB2处理最高。与CON处理相比,缓/控释肥侧条施用可使水稻显著增产15.7%~18.0%(SRF2处理除外),空秕率降低0.5%~3.2%,同时提高了株高、穗长和穗粒数。缓/控释肥侧条施用下氮肥农学效率为15.6~18.4 kg/kg,氮肥偏生产力为45.0~47.8 kg/kg,分别显著高于CON处理的6.7 kg/kg和24.3 kg/kg。因此,缓/控释肥侧条施用能够改善水稻农学性状,提高其籽粒产量和肥料生产效率,值得在宁夏引黄灌区水稻种植上大面积推广应用。In order to investigate the effect of side bar application technology of slow/controlled releasefertilizer on rice in Yellow River irrigation region of Ningxia, a field experiment was carried out to study theeffects of six different fertilizer treatments with no fertilizer（CK）, self- developed slow release compoundfertilizer for rice（SRF1）, commodity Tiegan release compound fertilizer（SRF2）, self- developed controlledrelease BB fertilizer for rice（BB1）, commodity controlled release BB fertilizer（BB2） and conventionalfertilization by local farmers（CON） on the yield and agronomic characters of rice, and evaluate their nitrogenfertilizer use efficiency. The results showed that the grain yield and harvest index of rice were 6622 to 10761kg/hm2 and 0.42 to 0.54 under different fertilization treatments, treatment BB1 and BB2 got the highest result.Compared with that of treatment CON, rice yields significantly increased by 15.7% to 18.0% with side barapplication of slow/controlled release fertilizers（except for treatment SRF2）, and sterile grain rate decreased by0.5% to 3.2%, but plant height, length of ear, and numbers of per ear increased. Agronomy efficiency andpartial factor productivity N fertilizer were 15.6 to 18.4 kg/kg and 45.0 to 47.8 kg/kg under side bar applicationof slow/controlled release fertilizers treatments, which were significantly higher than those of treatment CON,which were 6.7 kg/kg and 24.3 kg/kg respectively. Therefore, side bar application of slow/controlled releasefertilizers could improve agronomic characters of rice, and then increase its grain yield and fertilizers useefficiency. This technology should be widely popularized and applied in paddy rice growing in the Yellow Riverirrigation region of Ningxia.

关 键 词：缓释复合肥 控释BB肥 水稻 产量 农学性状 氮肥生产效率 

分 类 号：S143.15[农业科学—肥料学]