呼伦贝尔草原资源植物调查与评价——以鄂温克族自治旗为例  

The Investigation and Evaluation of Ewenke Autonomy Town in Hulunbuir Grassland Resources

作　　者：阿里穆斯[1,2] 李慧芳[1,2] 董又溧 阿如汗[1,2,3] 徐杰[3] 高清竹[4] 梁存柱[5] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学中国少数民族传统医学研究院国家民委-教育部重点实验室,北京100081 [2]中央民族大学中国少数民族传统医学研究院,北京100081 [3]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,呼和浩特010020 [4]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [5]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期5-11,共7页Journal of Minzu University of China(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(No.2013BAC09B03-4);国家自然科学基金(No.81573535);北京市科技新星交叉课题资助

摘　　要：气候因素对内蒙古草原的植被产生了严重的影响,尤其呼伦贝尔草原资源流失较为严重,本文选择气候变化比较典型的鄂温克族自治旗为例,分析鄂温克草地上生长的植物种类,评价鄂温克草地植物的现状.采用野外调查和访谈调查等方法进行草地资源调查,并从药用植物、饲用植物和有毒植物等方面进行统计分析.结果表明鄂温克族自治旗草地维管束野生植物有722种,分属于76科310属;主要以饲用植物为主,其次为药用植物,有毒植物较少;药用植物中不仅有中药、蒙药及鄂温克族民间的常用药材,还有收录在《国家野生植物保护名录》的珍贵药材.本研究初步统计分析了鄂温克族自治旗草地资源植物现状,为今后在驯化培育优质牧草的选择及药用植物的利用和可持续发展提供了理论依据,并且进一步研究气候变化对鄂温克族自治旗草地植被多样性的影响奠定了理论及实践基础.The grassland in Inner Mongolia has been suffered by climate effect in nearly 60 years. In this study,we chose Ewenk autonomy town,which typically represents the climate change in Inner Mongolia,to investigate the grassland resources and analyze the plant species on the HULUNBUIR grassland. This study was conducted by field survey and the interview survey to make statistical analys to the plants＇ resources from forage plants,medicinal plants and poisonous plants. The results showed that there were 722 species belong to 76 genus and 310 families,which are mainly composed of forage plants,followed by medicinal plants and poisonous plants. The medicinal plants were commonly used in the traditional Chinese medicine,Mongolian medicine and the Ewenke folk medicine,and some of them were belong to the precious medicinal herbs protected by national wildlife protection list. This study provided the theoretical basis for the choice of cultivating high quality of forage plants and sustainable usage of the medicinal plants.

关 键 词：呼伦贝尔草原 鄂温克旗草地资源 饲用植物 药用植物 有毒植物 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]