树体管理对长白落叶松种子园母树生长及结实性状的影响  

Influence of Growth and Fructification Characteristics of Mother Trees by Tree Management in Larix olgensis Henry Seed Orchard

作　　者：张砚辉 冯健[2] 张素清[2] 曹世刚 

机构地区：[1]国有东洲区哈达林场,辽宁抚顺113015 [2]辽宁省林业科学研究院,辽宁沈阳110032 [3]本溪满族自治县清河城实验林场,辽宁本溪117116

出　　处：《北方园艺》2017年第6期60-64,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划资助项目(SQ2012BAJY303501);辽宁省科学技术计划重大资助项目(2011207002)

摘　　要：以长白落叶松种子园母树为研究对象,研究了截顶、修剪对长白落叶松树体生长和球果产量的影响,旨在提出长白落叶松种子园树体管理技术,从而促进长白落叶松种子园增产。结果表明:修剪使长白落叶松母树平均树高由5.93m增长到7.52m,5年生长量仅为1.59m;修剪母树冠幅比对照母树冠幅生长量高1.60m,生长率高21.28个百分点,修剪母树平均冠幅是对照母树平均冠幅的1.31倍;修剪母树平均单株结实量为1.71kg,最大结实量可达4.99kg,分别为对照母树平均单株结实量的1.34、5.74倍;修剪母树球果平均采收效率是对照母树球果平均采收效率的1.7倍。长白落叶松母树修剪以中度和重度修剪为宜,截顶保留轮枝数以5~7轮枝为宜。长白落叶松树体管理技可提高母树单株种子产量,降低劳动强度,提高球果采收效率,提高采种安全性。This study focused on the influence on growth and fructification characteristics of mother trees by tree management in Larix olgensis Henry seed orchard.The results showed that the average tree height of mother trees increased from 5.93 mto 7.52 mby the pruning,and the increment of 5years was only 1.59m;crown diameter compared with CK increased 1.60 m,21.28 percentage point higher growth rate;the average yield of treated mother trees was 1.71 kg,the max average yield of treated mother trees was 4.99 kg,was 1.34 times and5.74 times of control mother trees,respectively.The best pruning of Larix olgensis Henry mother trees was moderate and severe pruning,and truncated by retained branch of 5-7.

关 键 词：树体管理 种子园 长白落叶松 结实 

分 类 号：S791.22[农业科学—林木遗传育种]