不同炭化条件对黑沙蒿生物炭保水性能的影响  

Effect of Different Carbonization Conditions on Water Retention Properties of Black Artemisia ordosica Biochar

作　　者：姚俊卿[1,2,3,4] 侯建伟[1,2,3,4] 索全义[5] 段玉[1,2,3,4] 张君[1,2,3,4] 景宇鹏[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农牧业科学院资源环境与检测技术研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]内蒙古旱作农业重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]农业部内蒙古耕地保育科学观测实验站,内蒙古呼和浩特011705 [4]农业部武川农业环境科学观测实验站,内蒙古呼和浩特011705 [5]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《北方园艺》2017年第6期171-176,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31260502);公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助项目(201503120)

摘　　要：生物炭具有丰富的孔隙结构和巨大的比表面积,是一种良好的保水材料。为探究沙蒿生物炭保水效果对炭化条件的响应,设置不同的炭化温度、炭化时间和升温速率3个炭化条件,对沙蒿进行无氧炭化,研究各种生物炭的吸水和保水效果。结果表明:生物炭和沙蒿的吸水率均较高,分别为4 246.6~4 803.3g·kg^(-1)和5 340.3g·kg^(-1);600℃的生物炭在去离子水中的保水能力相对较强,其拟合曲线的决定系数为0.963 4~0.986 2,且炭化60min时最大,为0.986 2,沙蒿最小,为0.938 1;在沙土中的蒸发速率分别为自然沙的0.955~0.996倍和0.996倍,600℃炭化60min时最小,炭化5min时最大。而升温速率在生物炭的吸水和保水效果中不起决定作用。因此,生物炭的保水性能主要取决于炭化温度和时间,其吸水和保水性能不具有一致性,而在去离子水和沙土中的保水性能具有一致性;600℃炭化60min的生物炭是提高沙土保水性能的最优选择。Artemisia ordosica biochar has abundant pore structure and huge specific surface area,which is a good water holding material.The effect of Artemisia biochar water retention on the carbonization conditions was studied.Three carbonization conditions（carbonization temperature,carbonization time and heating rate）had been set in this experiment.The anaerobic carbonization was taken on black Artemisiao rdosica.The results showed that the higher water absorption rate of biochar and Artemisia were 4 246.6-4 803.3g·kg^-1 and 5 340.3g·kg^-1,respectively,biochar 600 ℃in deionized water and water retention capacity were relatively strong.The determination coefficient of fitting curves was 0.963 4-0.986 2,and the maximum was 0.986 2in carbonization for 60 minutes,the minimum was 0.938 1in Artemisia ordosica.Evaporation rate was 0.955-0.996 times and0.996 times relative to natural sand in the sandy soil,its minimum was presented to carbonized 60 minutes at600℃,and the maximum was appeared in carbonized 5minutes at 600℃.However,the heating rate did not play a decisive role in the water absorption and water retention of biochar.Therefore,water retention properties of biochar mainly depended on the carbonization temperature and time,the water absorption and water retention properties were not consistent and water retention in deionized water and sand was consistent,biochar 600 ℃carbonization 60 minutes was the best choice for improving sandy soil water retention properties.

关 键 词：沙蒿 生物炭 炭化条件 吸水率 保水性能 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]