敦煌市不同土地利用类型土壤质量评价  

Soil Quality Assessment on Different Land Use Types in Dunhuang City

作　　者：高张[1] 张福平[1] 马倩倩[1] 燕玉超 雷声剑 刘筱[1] 李肖娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2017年第3期100-105,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"敦煌生态修复关键技术研究与示范"(2012BAC08B07)子课题"干湖盆植被修复技术"

摘　　要：以果园地、农田地、天然林地、灌木林地和荒地5种土地利用类型为研究对象,在对其土壤理化性质进行测定的基础上,应用最小数据集、土壤质量综合指数和土壤质量相对指数等方法对其土壤质量进行评价分析,为敦煌市土壤保水保肥、盐碱化荒地改良与植被修复提供一定的参考。结果表明:(1)研究区各土地利用类型下土壤含水量极低,低于0.15%;荒地盐分含量达到56.88 g/kg,盐碱化严重。(2)适用于土壤质量评价最小数据集(DMS)的包括:速效钾、含水量和物理性粘粒等9项指标。(3)对土壤质量综合评价分析,得出土壤质量排序为灌木林地>天然林地>果园地>农田地>荒地。(4)依据全国地力等级划分标准,荒地为4级地力,果园地和农田地为3级地力,天然林地和灌木林地为2级地力。(5)对土壤相对质量指数分析,灌木林地的土壤质量高于天然林地,果园地、农田地和荒地的土壤质量低于天然林地。Choosing five kinds of land use types, orchard land, farmland, natural forest land, shrub land and wasteland, as the materials, the soil physical and chemical properties were detected. The soil quality was evaluated and analyzed by applying the minimum data set （ MDS）, soil quality synthesized index and soil quality relative index. It could provide some theoretic basis for soil water and fertilizer retention, wasteland salinization improvement and vegetation restoration in Dunhuang City. The results showed that the soil moisture content in every land use type was very low, below 0.15%. The salt content of wasteland had reached up to 56.88 g/kg, which showed that the soil salinization was very serious. The MDS fit for soil quality assessment included nine indexes, such as available potassium, moisture content, physical clay and so on. The synthesized assessment on soil quality showed that the rank of soil quality was shrub land 〉 natural forest land 〉 orchard land 〉 farmland 〉 wasteland. According to the national fertility grading standard, the wasteland fertil- ity belonged to grade 4, the orchard land and farmland fertility belonged to grade 3, the natural forest land and shrub land fertility belonged to grade 2. The soil quality relative index anatysis showed that the soil quality of shrub land was higher than that of natural forest land, while the soil quality of orchard land, farmland and wasteland were lower than that of natural forest land.

关 键 词：敦煌市 土壤理化性质 最小数据集 土壤质量综合指数 土壤质量评价 

分 类 号：S159[农业科学—土壤学]