微观尺度下边境口岸对载体城市的影响及其机制研究——以德宏州中缅边境口岸为例  

Influential Factors and Effects of Border Ports on Carrier Cities at Micro-scale:A Case Study of Sino-Myanmar Border Ports in Dehong Prefecture

作　　者：马腾[1] 葛岳静[1,2] 黄宇[1] 胡志丁 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875 [2]云南中国西南地缘环境与边疆发展协同创新中心,昆明650500

出　　处：《热带地理》2017年第2期185-192,共8页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41401157;41661033);中国西南地缘环境与边疆发展协同创新中心开放基金课题

摘　　要：边境地区是主权国家之间的利益交汇地带,一直受到各国政府与学者的重视,边境口岸是其中的关键节点,口岸的发展对载体城市具有直接影响。文章以云南省德宏州的4个边境口岸为研究对象,引入距离因素,通过构建面板数据模型,测算微观尺度下县域相对集中指数(RCI)并进行横向比较,探讨边境口岸的发展及其对载体城市发展的影响。主要结论包括:1)口岸的进出口总额、出入境人数与货运总量对载体城市的正向促进作用十分显著,人流与物流成为连接边境口岸与载体城市发展的重要形式,对促进载体城市发展有推动作用,口岸的通关职能与边境贸易职能突显。2)边境口岸与载体城市之间的距离对城市发展有明显的影响,距离越大,制约作用越明显。3)通过对4个口岸横向对比发现,瑞丽口岸对载体城市发展拉动力度显著,其余3个口岸则带动作用不足。最后为各口岸的差异化发展路径提出对策建议。As the junction of national interests between sovereign states, border areas, and border ports in particular, have direct effects on carrier cities. This paper takes the four border ports in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province, as the micro-scale units to discuss the influencing factors of the border ports on the carrier cities at the county scale by the panel data model and the RCI index comparison. The findings show that： 1） total imports and exports and total freight volume of port, and the number of people entering and leaving the port all have a positive effect on the carrier city, and the influence of logistics is the most prominent. The flow of people and logistics become an important form connecting border and carrier city, both of them also have positive effect on the development of carrier city. The customs clearance functions and border trade functions of port are highlighted. 2） the distance between the border port and the carrier city has a significant impact on the development of the carrier city. The greater the distance is, the more obvious the constraints will be, the friction resistance decreases with the reducing of the spatial distance. Through the comparison between Ruili and Yingjiang ports, it can be easily seen that the distance factor has a greater impact on the actual development of the carrier city. 3） among the four ports, only Ruili port shows a vigorous driving forces for the development of carrier city, while the forces at the rest ports, including Wanding, Zhangfeng, Nabang, are weak. Ruili port has great advantage in the flow of people, logistics and the distance from carrier city, and has significant trend of border-city integration, which promotes the development of the carrier city. Both the port scales of Wanding and Zhangfeng are small, and their interactions with carrier cities are weak, thus the port functions are not fully utilized. The distance between Nabang port and carrier city is longer, that restricts the action of the port to promotion the development of the

关 键 词：微观尺度 边境口岸 载体城市 面板数据模型 德宏州 

分 类 号：F299.27[经济管理—国民经济]