中国历史蝗区演化与水系变迁研究回顾与展望  

Reviews and Prospects on Studies of Locust Breeding Area Evolution and Drainage Network Change in China during the Historical Period

作　　者：李钢[1] 孔冬艳[1] 李丰庆[2] 刘倩[1] 王会娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127 [2]西北大学文化遗产学院,西安710127

出　　处：《热带地理》2017年第2期226-237,共12页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(41201190);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(10YJCZH069);西北大学"仲英青年学者"支持计划项目(2016)

摘　　要：蝗区是孕育和发生蝗灾的地理空间载体,是具有不同结构类型的一类自然生态地理单位。中国东部季风区尤其是黄淮海平原及其毗邻地区是历史蝗灾研究的焦点区域。围绕"蝗区演化与水系变迁"的主线,重点回顾了飞蝗与蝗区的研究背景,梳理了历史蝗灾与历史蝗区、蝗区演化与水系变迁等相关研究的进展与存在的问题,指出了未来亟需关注的科学问题及其研究意义,包括历史蝗灾地理信息系统的构建与地图集的编绘,"面―线―点"聚焦解析与"气―水―蝗"集成研究,蝗灾的社会影响及未来风险等方面,认为尤其要挖掘蝗区显著的"水缘性"特征,在东部季风区开展河泛、滨湖、沿海、内涝4类蝗区演化历史及其相互转化的格局、过程与机制的研究,进而揭示气候变化背景下蝗区演化与水系变迁的响应过程与机理。Floods, droughts and locusts were always the three most common types of natural disasters, which seriously impacted agricultural production in China during historical periods. Current studies of historical locust outbreak are focusing on the Eastern Monsoon Region of China, especially the North China Plain and its adjacent areas. Around the main research theme ＂locust breeding area evolution and drainage network change during historical period in China＂, this article first reviews the research background of the migratory locust hazards and locust breeding area evolution, then examines the current progress and difficulties in ＂climate and disasters＂, ＂locust breeding area evolution and drainage network change＂ and other related topics, and at last points out the future scientific issues and their significance： 1） More attention should be paid to the systematic data mining and record excavation of the historical locusts and their breeding areas and also to qualitative, quantitative and normalized statistics of sub-species of locusts in different dynasties and regions. Historical locust database is to be improved and coupled with hydrological/climatic/social factors and other disasters. The Atlas of the history of locust outbreak is to be compiled and the Chinese Historical Locust Geographic Information System （CHLGIS） is to be established. 2） The spatio-temporal evolution history of locust breeding areas is lack of simulation and interpretation, especially lack of studies on typical spatio-temporal evolution history during typical hydrological periods and climate period, as well as the mutual transformation process and mechanism of four types of locust breeding areas. The spatial evolution maps of locust breeding areas need to be compiled, the time series need to be updated for high resolution reconstruction, the process analysis of major locust events need to be strengthened, and the explanation from the perspective of ecology and phenology need to be improved. 3） The interaction process an

关 键 词：蝗区演化 水系变迁 历史时期 东部季风区 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]