寒区引水明渠抽水融冰试验  

Experiment on pumping groundwater to melt ice in diversion channels of cold regions

作　　者：秦子鹏[1] 宗全利[1] 田艳[1] 吴素杰 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2017年第2期168-173,共6页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51269028);石河子大学应用基础研究青年项目(编号:2015ZRKXYQ13;2015ZRKXYQ-LH01)

摘　　要：寒区冬季明渠引水长期遭受冰害困扰,严重制约工农业及居民生活用水,经济损失巨大.结合新疆红山嘴水电站2级引水明渠,采用原型观测方法,开展了2次抽水融冰试验.根据试验结果,分析了不同水井运行方式下,井后明渠沿程水温、井前后5m明渠水温及整个引水明渠沿程水温的变化情况,得到了上述情况下明渠水温的变化规律及水井运行制度对水温变化的影响.处于运行状态的水井井后明渠水温得到了显著提高,在井后50m范围内,水温急剧下降,并产生较大波动,超出该范围后,水温下降不明显,波动也相对平缓;井水和渠水的混掺及渠水与外界的热交换过程并不能在短时间、短距离内完成.2次试验气温基本相同,试验过程中明渠末端水温相差不大,都在1.5℃左右.The diversion of water by open channel suffered ice damage for a long time in winter of cold re- gions, which have restricted the use of water for industry, agriculture and living severely and causing huge economic losses. Combined with the second diversion channel of the Hongshanzui hydropower station in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, twice experiment of melting ice by pumping groundwater were carried out by prototype observation method. The changes of the water temperature along the diversion channel after the wells, before and after about 5 m of the wells and along the whole diversion channel in different run- ning orders of the wells are analyzed~ and the law of the water temperature variation in the open channel and the impact of temperature changes by well running system under above circumstances are obtained. The water temperature of the open channel after wells that were running had been significantly improved. Sharp decline in water temperature and generating greater volatility occurred within the scope of 50 m of the wells. Exceeding this range, water temperature did not decline that significantly. The fluctuation of the water temperature is also relatively flat. The mixture of well water with open channel water and water heat of the open channel exchanging with the outside world could not be completed within a short time or a short distance. The temperature of the two experiments is basically the same; and the water temperatures in the end of the open channel in the experiments made a small difference that were about 1.5 ℃ during the experiments.

关 键 词：寒区 引水明渠 抽水融冰 试验 原型观测 

分 类 号：TV76[水利工程—水利水电工程]