2015年富锦国家湿地公园水体中浮游甲壳动物群落结构及多样性季节动态  

Seasonal Dynamics of Crustacean Zooplankton Community Structure in Fujin National Wetland Park in 2015

作　　者：田雪[1,2] 付宏臣 李宇 姜明[2] 姜云垒[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学,吉林长春130118 [2]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [3]黑龙江省三环泡国家级自然保护区管理局,黑龙江富锦156100

出　　处：《湿地科学》2017年第1期73-79,共7页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(D41271106和31172109);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0602303)资助

摘　　要：2015年5月、8月和10月,在富锦国家湿地公园恢复湿地,调查水中浮游甲壳动物群落结构,分析影响浮游甲壳动物群落的水环境因子。研究结果表明,富锦国家湿地公园水中共检出浮游甲壳动物13种,其中,有枝角类4属10种,桡足类1属3种;在采样期间,枝角类的共有优势种为长额象鼻溞(Bosmina longirostrids)、简弧象鼻溞(Bosmina coregoni)和寡刺秀体溞(Diaphanosoma paucisoinosum),桡足类共有优势种为广布中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops levckarti)和无节幼体;5月、8月和10月采样日浮游甲壳动物群落的密度和生物量明显不同,8月的最大,5月的次之,10月的最小,平均丰度和平均生物量分别为(168.55±80.90)ind./L和(1.46±0.75)mg/L,8月的丰度和生物量分别为(259.77±64.2)ind./L和(2.30±0.67)mg/L;在所有采样点中,浮游甲壳动物群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数的变化范围为1.698~3.262,Margalef指数为0.590~1.480,Pielou均匀度指数为0.583~0.928;水温、水中溶解氧含量和水体透明度是影响浮游甲壳动物群落生物量的主要因子,总氮含量和叶绿素a含量影响浮游甲壳动物群落的多样性。In order to understand the relationship between the crustacean zooplankton community and environ- mental variables in Fujin National Wetland Park, the structure of the crustacean zooplankton community and water physicochemical variables in 11 sampling sites were investigated to analyze the species, abundance, dominance and distribution of the crustacean zooplankton community and explain the changing condition of the crustacean zooplankton community and water environment from May to October 2015. The results showed that 13 species belonging to Cladocera and Copepods of the crustacean zooplankton were detected in Fujin National Wetland Park. The dominant species in Cladocera were Bosmina longirostrids, Bosmina coregoni and Diaphanosoma paucisoinosum. The dominant species in Copepods were Mesocyclops levckarti and Nauplii. The average abundance and average biomass of the crustacean zooplankton were （168.55±80.90） ind./Land （1.46±0.75） mg/L, and the maximum values both occurred in sampling days in August were （259.77±64.20） ind./L and （2.30±0.67） mg/L. The ranges of Shannon-Wiener, Margalef and Pielou indexes were 0.590-1.480, 0.590-1.480 and 0.583-0.927, respectively. The results of Pearson analysis indicated that the main environmen- tal factors affecting the biomass of the crustacean zooplankton community were the content of dissolved oxy- gen, water temperature and transparency, while the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was related to the con- tents of total nitrogen and chlorophyll-a in Fujin National Wetland Park.

关 键 词：富锦国家湿地公园 恢复湿地 浮游甲壳动物 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]