1970-2012年夏半年中国大气0℃层高度时空变化特征  

Spatio-Temporal Changes of 0℃ Isotherm Height in China During Summer Half Year of 1970—2012

作　　者：黄小燕[1] 王小平[1] 王劲松[1] 冯建英[1] 王圣杰[2] 陈斐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,兰州730020 [2]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《气象》2017年第3期286-293,共8页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201506001-4);国家自然科学基金项目(11175081、41201370和31300376);干旱气象科学基金(IAM201412);甘肃省自然科学基金(1208RJYA025)共同资助

摘　　要：基于1970—2012年夏半年(4—9月)84个探空站和地面气象站资料,分析中国地区近43年大气0℃层高度变化趋势。结果表明:中国夏半年近43年来0℃层高度在2800~5200 m,平均值为4442 m,呈南高北低的趋势,海拔200 m以上探空站的0℃层高度随海拔的上升呈显著上升趋势。夏半年0℃层高度总体呈上升趋势,平均每年上升2.23 m,通过了0.01的显著性水平检验。6、7和9月的上升趋势分别为1.82、2.03和5.38 m·a^(-1),且都通过了0.05的显著性水平检验。夏半年大部分探空站0℃层高度呈上升趋势,其中北方的上升趋势大部分通过了0.05的显著性水平检验,且上升幅度大于南方地区。夏半年84个站点0℃层高度与地面温度都呈正相关性,相关系数在0.07~0.89,且北方地区相关系数较高。Based on the meteorological data at 84 sounding and surface stations in China during summer half year from 1970 to 2012, the interannual variation of 0℃ isotherm height （H0） is analyzed. The result indicates that the mean H0 is between 2800 m and 5200 m in China during summer half year of the last 43 years, and the south H0 is higher than the north H0, mainly controlled by latitude and altitude. The annual mean H0 increases by 2.23 m· a^-1 , which has passed the 0.01 level of significance test. The change trend （p〈0.05） on a monthly basis is reported for 1. 82, 2.03 and 5.38 m · a^-1 in June, July and Septem- ber, respectively, and all have passed the 0.05 level significance test. During 1970-2012, the H0 at most sounding stations in China shows an increasing trend in summer half year. The increasing trend at northern stations is mostly over the 0.05 level, and the ascending range is generally larger than at the southern stations. The mean H0 is positively correlated to mean air temperature in summer half year with correlation coefficients between 0.07 and 0.89. The correlation coefficients for the north are higher than that for the south.

关 键 词：中国 0℃层高度 平均气温 空间分布 气候变化 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]