基于偏斜度准则的地震子波相位估计方法特征研究  

Characteristics study of seismic wavelet phase estimation based on the skewness criterion

作　　者：刘俊州[1] 马铭[2] 时磊 夏红敏 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2017年第1期210-216,共7页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家重大专项课题"中西部地区碎屑岩领域勘探关键技术"(2016ZX05002-005)资助

摘　　要：本文研究了基于偏斜度准则的常相位旋转地震子波估计方法的优势,并分析了偏斜度准则与峰度准则的差异性及其适用条件.主要通过数值模拟试验充分说明偏斜度准则相对于峰度准则具有更高的动态范围及稳定性.偏斜度准则克服了分析信号带宽必须大于中心频率的条件,降低了反射系数对于子波相位估计的影响.相对于峰度准则,偏斜度准则在处理低信噪比的地震资料过程中表现出了更好的稳定性和准确性.通过蒙特卡洛试验进一步说明基于偏斜度准则的常相位子波估计能够准确地估计出相位为常数的地震子波,并且子波相位估计结果对地震资料噪声水平的强弱不敏感.We make comparison analysis of skewness and kurtosis criteria for constant-phase wavelet estimation, which plays a significant part in high-resolution seismic data processing and interpretation. Synthetic examples illustrate that skewness criterion has higher dynamic range and better stability than kurtosis criterion.As a high-order statistics,skewness criterion breaks the limitation that the bandwidth of input signal must be greater than center frequency and reduces the influence of noise on wavelet phase estimation. Like kurtosis criterion, the estimated phase corresponding to maximum skewness is also affected by the distribution of reflectivity. Through the Monte Carlo simulation it can be illustrated that the result of wavelet phase estimation based on the skewness criterion is not sensitive to the noise level.

关 键 词：地震子波相位估计 常相位 偏斜度 峰度 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]