川西北草原高原鼢鼠密度调查及引诱剂与D型肉毒素复合毒饵对其的灭效  

Density of Myospalax baileyi and Effects of Attractant and Compound Poison Bait with D-type Kreotoxin

作　　者：邓熙龄 徐高伟[1] 刘伟[1] 杨庭勇 何剑 谢红旗 杨孔[1] 李西动 Bastiaan G.Meerburg DENG Xiling XU Gaowei LIU Wei YANG Tingyong HE Jian XIE Hongqi YANG Kong LI Xidong Bastiaan G.Meerburg(College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China Grassland Service Station of Ganzi, Kangding, Sichuan Province 626000, China Wageningen University ＆ Research, Netherlands)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院,成都610041 [2]四川省甘孜州草原工作站,四川康定626000 [3]Wageningen University&Research,Netherlands

出　　处：《四川动物》2017年第2期203-207,共5页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070380);西南民族大学研究生创新课题项目(CX2015SZ100)

摘　　要：目的为了掌握川西北草原高原鼢鼠Myospalax baileyi Pallas种群密度和提高D型肉毒素杀灭高原鼢鼠的效率,于2013年和2014年在位于川西北草原的红原县草原调查了高原鼢鼠的密度,并研究了不同引诱剂的引诱效果及引诱剂与D型肉毒素复合毒饵对高原鼢鼠的灭效。方法采用开洞堵洞法和连续捕净法调查高原鼢鼠密度;选用菜籽油和花生油配制引诱剂,然后用引诱剂和D型肉毒素配制复合毒饵,采用开洞堵洞法研究其灭效。结果红原县草原高原鼢鼠密度2013年为39.70只/hm2,2014年为42.14只/hm^2,平均密度为40.92只/hm^2,危害程度为Ⅳ级(严重危害)。菜籽油引诱剂取食率为72.2%,花生油引诱剂取食率为60.0%,二者间差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。未添加引诱剂的D型肉毒素毒饵的灭效为77.2%,添加引诱剂的灭效为89.8%,二者间差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),但是复合毒饵各组内灭效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论使用浓度0.10%的D型肉毒素与引诱剂配制复合毒饵,可以显著提高D型肉毒素对高原鼢鼠的灭效。Objective In order to understand the population density of Myospalax baileyi in Hongyuan county of northwest Sichuan plateau grasslands,and the effects of D-type kreotoxin on M. baileyi,the population density of M. baileyi was investigated,and different kinds of compound poison baits were tested in 2013 and 2014. Methods The block-open method was used to survey the population density of M. baileyi in northwest Sichuan plateau grasslands. Colza oil and peanut oil were used as attractants. The compound poison bait was made to examine its effects on M. baileyi. Results The results showed that the population densit of M. baileyi in Hongyuan county was 39. 70 individuals/hm^2 in 2013 and 42. 14 individuals/hm^2 in 2014. The average feeding rate of colza oil was 72. 2%,which was extreme significantly higher than that of peanut oil（ 60. 0%,P〈0. 01）. The average killing rate of poison bait without attractant was 77. 2%,which was extreme significantly lower than that with attractant（ 89. 8%,P〈0. 01）. Conclusion The average density of M. baileyi in Hongyuan county was 40. 92 individuals/hm^2,indicating that the pest was highly harmful to the grassland. These results suggested that attractant could significantly improve the effect of D-type kreotoxin on M. baileyi.

关 键 词：红原县 高原鼢鼠 D型肉毒素 引诱剂 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]