基于分布式光纤振动传感的清管器跟踪定位方法  

A pig tracking and locating method based on distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology

作　　者：田孝忠[1] 孙巍[1] 王海明[1] 刘路[1] 邱红辉[1] 伍晓勇 王雪莉[1] 周琰[1] TIAN Xiaozhong SUN Wei WANG Haiming LIU Lu QIU Honghui WU Xiaoyong WANG Xueli ZHOU Yan(PetroChina Pipeline R ＆ D Center/National Engineering Laboratory for Pipeline Safety Xi＇an Oil ＆ gas Transmission Subcompany, PetroChina Pipeline Company)

机构地区：[1]中国石油管道科技研究中心/油气管道输送安全国家工程实验室 [2]中国石油管道公司西安输油气分公司

出　　处：《油气储运》2017年第3期310-313,共4页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

基　　金：中国石油管道公司科研项目"利用管道伴行光缆的清管器跟踪定位试验研究";20150207

摘　　要：针对目前清管器跟踪定位设备只能定点而无法全程连续在线跟踪的问题,提出了利用分布式光纤振动传感技术实现清管器在线跟踪定位的方法。利用管道同沟敷设光缆中的一芯光纤,搭建了基于相干瑞利散射的分布式光纤振动传感系统,使用该系统采集清管器运行过程中产生的振动信号,分析振动信号的时域特性,得出结论:清管器运行过程中的振动主要是与管壁焊缝撞击产生的,同时,采用上下包络作差的方式增强了信号的信噪比。通过现场试验,验证了该项技术可以实现清管器的实时跟踪定位。At present, the available pig tracking and locating devices can not perform online tracking continuously on the whole process but at the designated points. In order to solve this problem, it is proposed to make use of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology to perform online tracking and locating of pigs. The distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system based on phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer（Φ-OTDR） was put up by using the one-core optical fiber of optical cable that is laid together with pipeline in the same ditch. This system was used to acquire the vibration signals which are generated during the operation of pigs, so as to analyze their time domain characteristics. It is concluded that the vibration generated during the operation of pigs is mainly caused by impacting between pigs and wall welding seams, and signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） of signals is reinforced by using the upper-lower envelope difference. Field application verifies that this technology can track and locate pigs in real time.

关 键 词：清管器 分布式光纤传感 相干瑞利散射 在线跟踪定位 

分 类 号：TE978[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]