中美水工钢闸门设计规范的对比与评价  

Comparison and evaluation of design codes of hydraulic steel gates in China and America

作　　者：张雪才[1,2] 王正中[1,2] 孙丹霞[3] 王岳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区寒区水工程安全研究中心,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国水电顾问集团西北勘测设计研究院,西安710065

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2017年第3期78-89,共12页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51179164);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD10B02)

摘　　要：通过系统对比中美规范,认为我国《水利水电工程钢闸门设计规范》"条文"与美国《水工钢闸门设计》内容相对应,我国规范"条文说明"与《溢洪道弧形闸门设计》和《平面闸门设计》内容相对应;结果表明两国规范在设计方法、计算方法、设计荷载、主梁布置、面板设计、流激振动和启闭机选择等方面有较大的不同。美国规范考虑较为全面、可操作性较强和注重细节,而我国规范注重原理、应用灵活和因地制宜。从先进性、科学性及与国际接轨角度考虑,美国规范在闸门的设计方法、计算方法、闸门防腐和除冰等方面比我国规范更具科学性和先进性,在设计荷载、流激振动、主梁挠度和启闭机选择等方面比我国规范更加全面详细;而在主梁布置和面板设计等方面与我国规范相近,但都滞后于我国当前的科研成果。建议借鉴美国规范优点及我国的科研成果进一步修订完善我国规范极为必要,为我国水利水电工程设计的国际化提供规范保障及设计依据。The existing design codes of hydraulic steel gates in China and America are compared systematically in this paper. The content of Design code of steel gates for water resources and hydropower projects in China corresponds to that of hydraulic steel structures in America, while the commentary of this Chinese code corresponds to the Design code of spillway tainter gates and vertical lift gates in America. Our results show that between the Chinese and American codes, great differences exist in several aspects： design methods, calculation methods, design loads, layout of girders, design of skin plate, flow induced vibration, and choice of hoist. The American code is characterized by overall consideration, strong operability, and orientation to details; while the Chinese code by greater attention to design principles, more flexibility in application, and methods suitable for different project sites. Relative to the latter, the former is more advanced and scientific in design methods, calculation methods, corrosion control and ice control and more detailed in design loads, prevention of flow induced vibration, deflection of girders, and choice of hoist. However, both are similar in layout of girders and design of skin plate and generally lag behind the current achievements of research. Thus we suggest revising and updating the Chinese design code of hydraulic steel gates by absorbing the existing research achievements and the strong points of the American code. This is necessary and important and would provide a basis of internationalization in engineering designs for China＇s water conservancy and hydropower projects.

关 键 词：钢闸门 设计规范 中国 美国 对比与评价 

分 类 号：TV663.4[水利工程—水利水电工程]