五种豆科药用植物种子超低温保存技术研究  

Study on Cryopreservation of Five Kinds of Medicinal Legume Seeds

作　　者：曾琳 何明军 顾雅坤 吴怡 郑希龙 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院药用植物研究所海南分所,海南海口570311

出　　处：《生物资源》2017年第1期42-47,共6页Biotic Resources

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(协和青年基金)(3332016071);海南省自然科学基金(20153147);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303117)

摘　　要：以豆科药用植物降香檀、决明、含羞草、灰毛豆和猪屎豆的成熟种子为材料,探讨含水量对其发芽率的影响,以及超低温冷冻方式对种子超低温保存的影响。结果表明,降香檀、决明、猪屎豆和灰毛豆种子发芽率均随含水量的下降而从80%左右降至20%以下,而含羞草种子含水量低于10%时,其发芽率仍在75%以上。经超低温冷冻后,五种豆科药用植物种子发芽率较对照组均有显著差异;适宜的含水量下,种子经过超低温冷冻后其发芽率与对照组差异不显著,甚至高于对照组。三种冷冻方法中,玻璃化冷冻法更适合降香檀种子的超低温保存,缓慢冷冻法更适合猪屎豆种子的超低温保存,快速冷冻法适合于决明种子、灰毛豆种子和含羞草种子的超低温保存。由此可知,液氮超低温冷冻法保存降香檀等五种豆科药用植物种子是可行的。The mature seeds of medicinal legumes Dalbergia odori fera, Cassia tora , Mimosa pudica, Tephrosia purpurea and Crotalaria pallida were used as material to study the effects of moisture content and cryopreservation on the survival. The experimental results indicated that decreased with the water content, germination rate of Dalbergia odorifera, Cassia tora, Tephrosia purpurea and Crotalaria pallida seeds from around 80 % to below 20 %, however the moisture content of Mimosa pudica seed was less than 10% and the germination rate was more than 75%. After cryopreservation, the seed germination rate of the medicinal legumes was significantly different from that of the control. Under the suitable water content, the germination rate of the seeds after cryopreservation was not quite dif ferent from that of the control group, even higher than the control group. Three kinds of freezing method were used, the vitrification freezing method was more suitable for Dalbergia odorifera seed cryopreservation, and the slow freez ing method was more suitable for Crotalaria pallida seed cryopreservation, and the direct freezing method was suitable for cryopreservation of Cassia tora , Wephrosia purpurea and Mimosa pudica seeds. Thus, it is feasible to use liquid nitrogen to freeze the seeds of the medicinal legume plants.

关 键 词：超低温冷冻 豆科药用植物 玻璃化 含水量 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]