日本农村城市化进程及其特点——基于日本市町村结构变化的研究与分析  

Progress and Characteristics of the Urbanization in Japan——Evidence from the Structural Change of “City-Town-Village System” in Japan

作　　者：焦必方[1] JIAO Bi-fang(School of Economics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Chin)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学经济学院,上海200433

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2017年第2期162-172,共11页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

基　　金：2011年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"中国城市化道路:市场推动与国家治理"(项目批准号:11JJD790029)的阶段性成果;2015年日本学术振兴会科学研究费补助金项目"关于中国内陆地区过疏化现状与原因的社会经济学研究"(项目批准号:15K018848)的支持

摘　　要：日本于1889年(明治22年)推行"市制及町村制"后正式设"市",拉开了农村城市化序幕。此后,在农村持续的城市化进程中,既有以"村"为单位,因人口集聚、第二产业与第三产业发展等,最终演化为城市的;也有政府政策诱导,市町村民依法自主选择,经市町村合并实现城市化的,而后者使日本的农村城市化具有了跨越式发展的特点;同时,对小规模城市的认同,使日本农村居民有可能实现就地城市化。今天,日本因城乡融合发展,"少村县、无村县"不断增加。From 1989 （the 22nd year of Meiji）, Japan formally carried out the ＂city system＂ after the ＂city-town-village system,＂ and began the process of rural urbanization from then on. In the urbanization process, some villages evolve into cities because of the population aggregation and the development of secondary and ternary industries. Some city-towns merges into cities by the villagers＇ independent choices, which are motivated by the government policies. Among these two patterns of urbanization, the latter one makes the urbanization process in Japan have the characteristics of ＂leap-forward development. ＂ Meanwhile, the ＂local rural urbanization＂ are likely to be realized in Japan since the villagers identify with the small-scale cities. Nowadays, because of the urban-rural integrated development, ＂few-village counties＂ and ＂non-village counties＂ keep increasing in Japan.

关 键 词：日本 农村城市化 市町村结构 渐进式演化 跨越式推进 

分 类 号：F299.313[经济管理—国民经济]