温密物质特性研究进展与评述  

Review and progress in the study of the properties of warm dense matter

作　　者：陈其峰[1] 顾云军[1] 郑君[1] 李江涛[1] 李治国[1] 权伟龙[1] 付志坚[1] 李成军[1] CHEN QiFeng GU YunJun ZHENG Jun LI JiangTiao LI ZhiGuo QUAN WeiLong FU ZhiJian LI ChengJun(National Key Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所冲击波物理与爆轰波物理国家重点实验室,绵阳621900

出　　处：《科学通报》2017年第8期812-823,共12页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院发展基金(2013A0101001;2014B0102003;2015B0102001);冲击波物理与爆轰波物理重点实验基金(9140C670103150C67289);国家自然科学基金(11674292;11504352)资助

摘　　要：温密物质属于高能量密度物理的一部分,包含着广泛而丰富的物理现象.它是惯性约束聚变(ICF)、重离子聚变、Z箍缩动作等过程中物质存在和发展的重要阶段,其热力学、光学和辐射等性质,决定着该阶段物质的宏观流体运动,以及物质与辐射场相互作用中的能量输运和转换.因此,温密物质性质的不断深入研究、相关参数如状态方程和辐射输运性质的不断精密化,在ICF、Z箍缩等高技术、以及地球、行星内部结构等研究中具有重要的科学意义和应用背景.本文重点介绍和评述了在实验室条件下温密物质产生、诊断及数值模拟技术的研究进展,以及冲击波物理与爆轰波物理重点实验利用二级轻气炮驱动飞片撞击靶板产生强冲击波、压缩气体产生温密物质状态诊断与数值模拟技术的新进展,最后对未来温密物质发展方向进行了展望、总结和建议.Warm dense matter （WDM） belongs to a part of high energy density physics, which includes both extensive and rich physics phenomena. It is an important state of the evolution and presence of matters in inertial confinement fusion （ICF）, heavy-ion fusion, Z-pinch processes and so on. In particular, thermodynamic, optical, and radiated characteristic of warm dense matter plays an important role in determining for the macro fluid movement of matter and determining for the energy transportation and transfer in the interactions of radiated field with matter in the evolution process. Therefore, further investigation of the properties of warm dense matter and precision improvements on its related parameters, such as equations of state and radiation transportation, are of science significant and applied background in many research fields such as ICF, Z-pinch, earth＇s and planetary interior structure. The important research progress in the techniques of production, diagnostics, and simulation of warm dense matter under the laboratory conditions are briefly introduced and reviewed. The topics on the techniques of creating WDM were discussed, including experimental capabilities and facilities enabling the synthesis and confinement of warm dense states. These experimental capabilities include energetic materials, short pulse and high-energy-density lasers, ion beams, static high-pressure diamond-anvil cells, radiation- synchrotron sources, and mechanical impact techniques such as gas-gun launchers. Advanced diagnostics required for the characterization and interrogation of warm dense states were employ in these experiments accordingly. A general review on the theoretical approaches and computational capabilities enabling the prediction of the thermodynamic properties of matter in the warm dense regime were given. These approaches include quantum-based finite-temperature methods based on density functional theory, finite-temperature average-atom method, molecular dynamics, and various plasma physics-based theoretical

关 键 词：温密物质 状态方程 输运性质 诊断 冲击波 

分 类 号：O572[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]