北京市初中生常见病患病情况及对学业成绩的影响  

Association between five common diseases and academic performance among middle school students

作　　者：仇元营 余小鸣[2] 王璐[2] 高爱钰[3] 贾福岐 石晓燕[3] 于金龙 刘斌 裴连军 

机构地区：[1]河南省郑州市疾病预防控制中心,450008 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院/儿童青少年卫生研究所 [3]北京市东城区中小学卫生保健所 [4]北京市顺义区中小学卫生保健所 [5]北京市第一六五中学

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2017年第3期396-399,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：教育部委托课题项目(2013-20)

摘　　要：目的探讨初中生常见病患病情况对学习成绩的影响,为学校加强学生常见病防控提供科学依据。方法随机整群抽取北京市城区、郊区各1所初中学校,以全部初一、初二年级共480名学生作为研究对象。收集对象健康体检和学习成绩资料,分析学生常见病与学业成就的关系。结果学生近视、超重/肥胖、龋齿、贫血及营养不良5种常见病的检出率分别为74.6%,38.3%,19.2%,2.5%和3.3%,常见病总检出率达90.6%,总评成绩及格率为77.9%。单因素分析显示,常见病指标中近视和超重肥胖对初中生学业成绩的影响有统计学意义;近视与学习成绩呈正相关(OR=1.823,P=0.012),超重肥胖与成绩合格率呈负相关(OR=0.675,P=0.002)。多因素分析控制其他因素后,超重肥胖是初中生学习成绩的不利因素(OR=0.718,P=0.025),而近视对学习成绩的影响无统计学意义(OR=1.506,P=0.141)。结论初中生近视与超重/肥胖检出率较高,且与学习成绩关系密切。无论从提高健康还是学业成就角度,都应重视学生常见病防控。Objective To explore the relationship between five common diseases and academic performance, and to provide evidence and recommendations for students health control and prevention. Methods A total of 480 students from 2 middle schools across Dongcheng, Shunyi District in Beijing were chosen as subjects （grade 7 and grade 8）. Health surveillance and academic performance were collected. Results The prevalence of five common diseases among middle school students were： myopia （74.6%）, overweight/obesity （38.3%）, dental caries （ 19.2%）, anemia （2.5%） and malnutrition （3.3%）, with an overall prevalence being 90.6%. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the rate of average academic grades above 60 points was higher among students with myopia （OR = 1.823, P= 0.012）, while it was the opposite among overweight/obesity students （OR=0.675, P= 0.002）. After controlling for confounding factors, the association between overweight/obesity and academic achievements persisted. Conclusion Myopia and overweight/obesity is highly prevalent among middle school students and closely associates with academic performance. The prevention and control of student＇s common diseases need to be strengthened both for the sake of health and academic achievement.

关 键 词：疾病 患病率 成绩不良 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]