野外油田工人职业紧张对心理障碍影响的研究  

Effect of occupational stress on mental disorder of field petroleum workers

作　　者：武文凤[1] 陶宁[1] 韩瑞[1] 连玉龙[1] 刘继文[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第7期1178-1182,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：自治区科技支疆项目(201491177);国家自然科学基金(81460489)

摘　　要：目的调查野外油田作业工人职业紧张与心理障碍状况,探索职业紧张对心理障碍的影响,为心理障碍的防治措施提供方向。方法采用分层整群抽样抽取1 485名新疆某地区石油管理局野外油田工人,通过职业紧张量表修订版(OSI-R)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对其进行2年随访调查,运用相应的统计学处理进行分析比较。结果(1)职业紧张状况:不同性别、受教育程度、工龄、职称在职业任务问卷中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同性别、年龄、受教育程度、工龄在紧张反应问卷中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同受教育程度在个体应对能力问卷中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)心理障碍状况:发生心理障碍的人数为556人,发生率为40.29%,男性心理障碍发生率为40.81%,女性心理障碍发生率为39.69%。(3)心理障碍影响因素分析:任务不适、业务紧张反应、躯体紧张反应得分升高者均会增加心理障碍发生的风险,理性处事、不饮酒得分升高者会降低心理障碍的发生风险。结论职业紧张可增加心理障碍的发生风险。Objective To investigate the occupational stress and mental disorder of petroleum workers and to discuss the influences of occupational stress on mental disorder, and to provide direction for the prevention and treatment of mental disorder. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to extract 1485 field petroleum workers for two years in Xinjiang Petroleum Administration field, and followed up them for two years by using the OSI -R and SCL- 90, then used the corresponding statistical methods to compare and analyze. Results （ 1 ） Occupational stress ： gender, educational level, length of service and professional title were significantly different between the occupational tasks questionnaire （ P 〈 0.05 ）, There were significant differences between the individual stress reaction questionnaire by different gender, age, education level, length of service （P 〈 0.05 ）, There was significant difference between the personal coping ability questionnaire by different education level （ P 〈 0.05 ）. （2） Mental disorders ： The number of people with mental disorders was 556, the incidence was 40.29%, the incidence of male mental disorder was 40.81%, the incidence of female mental disorder was 39.69%. （ 3 ） The mental disorder： The risk of mental disorder was increased with the task discomfort, business stress response and the increase of the body tension. Rational coping and no drinking were protective factors for mental disorders. Conclusion Occupational stress can increase the risk of mental disorder.

关 键 词：野外油田工人 职业紧张 心理障碍 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]