重庆市涪陵区儿童少年麻疹风疹流腮监测及防控对策  

Surveillance on measles,rubella and mumps antibody level and measures for disease prevention of children in Fuling district,Chongqing

作　　者：曹勇[1] 田应桥 杨德明[1] 康晓丽[1] 张仁平[1] 杨帆[1] 王小明[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市涪陵区疾病预防控制中心,重庆涪陵408000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第7期1232-1235,1247,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：重庆市涪陵区科技计划项目FLKJ;2015ABB1091

摘　　要：目的监测重庆市涪陵区儿童少年麻疹、风疹、流腮免疫水平。方法于2014年9-10月采取整群抽样法抽取涪陵区5个方位监测点2~15岁儿童少年3 230人并采其全血20μl,采用酶联免疫法进行麻疹、风疹、流腮IgG抗体定性检测,使用SPSS进行卡方检验分析检测数据。结果检测3 230人麻疹、风疹、流腮抗体,阳性率依次为91.30%、88.76%、87.96%。不同性别间麻疹、不同年龄组麻疹、风疹抗体阳性率差异具有统计学意义(X^2值分别为6.527、8.158、9.712,P<0.05),不同方位监测点托幼机构儿童(X^2值分别为26.862、19.593、68.404,P<0.05)、中小学生(X^2值分别为9.820、122.268、61.840,P<0.05)麻腮风抗体阳性率差异均具有统计学意义,城区与乡镇儿童青少年风疹、流腮抗体阳性率差异均具有统计学意义(X^2值分别为10.032、11.929,P<0.05)。结论重庆市涪陵区儿童少年麻疹、风疹、流腮疫苗保护屏障已基本建立,但仍存在疫苗保护较薄弱环节,应重点关注涪陵西部地区风疹、流腮的疫情监测及相关查漏补种工作、关注中小学校相关疾病的监测,同时应加强健康教育及疫苗推广应用,提高较偏远地区群众的意识,进一步提高免疫覆盖率。Objective To surveillance on measles, rubella and mumps antibody level in children in Fuling district of Chongqing,and to make measures for prevention and control. Methods Blood samples（2Obd） of children aged 2 - 15 years old were collected form 5 different monitoring places which were selected randomly in cluster sampling method, and the antibody level of measles, rubella and mumps were determined by using ELISA method and then analyze the data by using of Chi - squared test of SPSS software. Results Among 3230 children, the antibody positive rate of measles, rubella and mumps were 91.30%,88.76% and 87.96%. The difference of measles antibody positive rate between different gender had statistical significance, a difference of measles, rubella antibody positive rate between different age had statistical significance （E2 value were 6. 527,8. 158,9. 712,P 〈 0.05 ）. The difference of measles, rubella and mumps antibody positive rate of preehool children between different monitoring places had statistical significance （ %2 value were 26. 862,19. 593,68. 404, P 〈 0.05 ）. The difference of measles, rubella and mumps antibody positive rate of primary and secondary school student between different monitoring places had statistical significance （ E2 value were 9. 820,122. 268,61. 840 ,P 〈 0.05 ）. The difference of rubella and mumps between urban area and township in all children had statistical significance （x2 value werel0. 032,11. 929 ,P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The herd immunity of measles, rubella and mumps of children in Fuling district of Chongqing has been basically established, hut it also showed weak in some areas, so we should focus on monitoring of the outbreaks of rubella and mumps, and carry out supplementary immunization activities, also pay more attention to students in primary and secondary school, meanwhile strengthen health education and vaccine application to improve the consciousness of people from remote areas, further so as to enhance immunization coverage rate of meales - rube

关 键 词：麻疹 风疹 流腮 抗体 监测 对策 

分 类 号：R194[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]