棉花幼苗对低温胁迫的响应及抗冷机制初步研究  

The Effect of Low Temperature Stress on the Growth of Upland Cotton Seedlings and a Preliminary Study of Cold-Resistance Mechanisms

作　　者：王俊娟[1] 王帅[1] 陆许可[1] 阴祖军[1] 王德龙[1] 樊伟莉[1] 穆敏[1] 郭丽雪[1] 叶武威[1] 喻树迅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2017年第2期147-156,共10页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"七大农作物育种"(2016YFD0100203)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨棉花不同组织对低温胁迫的响应,初步探讨研究抗冷的生理生化和分子机制。【方法】测定了4个抗冷性差异显著的材料在低温处理后的生物量、抗氧化酶活力和可溶性蛋白含量,同时分析了抗冷相关基因在豫2067根、茎、叶的表达情况。【结果】4℃低温处理24 h对冷敏感材料生长抑制最大,对根系生长的抑制大于地上部分;细胞膜透性测定结果表明,受低温胁迫后4个材料根系细胞膜能保持相对稳定的结构,而叶片细胞膜对低温胁迫敏感,抗冷材料叶片细胞膜稳定性大于冷敏感材料,低温胁迫后叶片细胞膜透性与棉花的抗冷性呈负相关,可以作为棉花抗冷性的鉴定指标;棉花在受到低温胁迫24 h后,抗冷材料根中SOD的活力基本不变,冷敏感材料根中SOD的活力却极显著下降,2个材料的根系中POD、CAT的活力均下降,但抗冷材料豫2067下降的幅度小于冷敏感材料,可溶性蛋白含量在抗冷材料叶茎中基本不变,在冷敏材料的叶片和茎中均下降。低温胁迫后5个与抗冷相关的基因在豫2067叶片中上调表达的多于下调表达的,上调表达的基因分别是脂肪酸脱氢酶基因、胁迫诱导蛋白基因、假定R2R3-MYB转录因子基因、b HLH1转录因子基因;在根中下调表达的多于上调表达的,下调的基因分别为b HLH1转录因子基因、胁迫诱导蛋白基因、伸展蛋白基因2,这与根系的生长受抑制的结果是一致的。【结论】推测这些抗冷相关基因在叶片中的上调表达与叶片生长受低温抑制程度低有一定的关系。[Objective] Our research aimed to investigate the effects of low temperature on tissues of cotton and the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of response to low temperature. [Method] We measured biomass, antioxidant enzyme activity and soluble protein content of four cotton materials with significantly different chilling tolerances after 4℃ low temper- ature treatment. We also measured the relative expression of chilling resistance-related genes of different tissues of cotton culti- var Yu 2067 after 4 ℃ treatment. [Result] The low temperature treatment （4℃ for 24 h） resulted in greater growth inhibition of chilling-sensitive than chilling-tolerant materials, with inhibition of root growth higher than that of aerial parts. According to cell membrane permeability measurements, root cell membranes of the four tested cottons were relatively stable under low tempera- ture stress. Compared with membranes of roots and stems, leaf cell membranes were more sensitive to low temperature stress. Leaf cell membranes of chilling-resistant cotton materials were more stable than those of chilling-sensitive ones. After low tem- perature stress, the cell membrane permeability of cotton leaves was negatively correlated with cold resistance, suggesting the use of this parameter as an indicator of cold resistance in cotton. SOD activity in the roots of chilling-resistant materials re-mained unchanged, whereas that of cold sensitive-ones decreased extremely significantly. POD and CAT activities decreased in the roots of two cotton materials after low temperature stress. The activities of two types of antioxidant enzymes declined less markedly in cold-resistant Yu 2067 than in cold-sensitive materials. The soluble protein content of leaves and stems of cold-re- sistant cotton remained basically unchanged but decreased in cold-sensitive materials. Expression analysis of five chilling toler- ance-related genes in Yu 2067 revealed that more genes were up-regulated than down-regulated in leaves. The four genes up

关 键 词：棉花 低温胁迫 生物量 细胞膜透性 抗氧化酶活性 抗冷相关基因表达 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]