高温对昆虫生殖生理的影响及其在农业害虫防治中的展望  

Effects of heat stress on insect reproduction-physiology and outlook in agricultural insect pests control

作　　者：史彩华[1] 胡静荣[1] 张友军[2] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2017年第3期24-32,共9页China Plant Protection

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303027);科技北京百名领军人才(ljrc201412)

摘　　要：昆虫是变温动物,对体内温度的维持和调节能力较弱。当环境温度超出一定极限时,昆虫的生命活动受到严重影响。从宏观上讲,高温可以延长昆虫的发育历期,降低昆虫的交配能力,减少昆虫的产卵量,影响卵孵化,缩短昆虫的寿命或导致死亡等。从微观上讲,高温可以导致昆虫细胞内水分或离子浓度失衡,影响蛋白质和核苷酸的结构与功能,改变细胞膜内脂肪酸的组成比例,破坏细胞膜的流动性,加速性外激素的合成等。高温对昆虫除了直接影响外,还存在间接影响。高温对昆虫的这些影响最终将影响昆虫的生殖生理,在农业害虫的物理防治领域具有非常重要的意义,为高温防虫技术的研究和应用提供了新思路。Insect is a kind of poikilotherm, whi ch is difficult to maintain and regulate body temperature. When ambient temperature exceeds a certain limit, insect＇s activities are seriously affected. From a macro perspective, heat stress can prolong developmental duration of insects, reduce mating ability and amount of eggs, influence eggs hatch, shorten life span or lead to death, etc. From the microscopic point of view, high temperature can lead to imbalance of water or ion concentration, influence structure and function of both protein and nucleotides, change the composition of fatty acid in cell membrane, destroy fluidity of cell membrane, accelerate synthesis of sex ectohormone, etc. Effect of high temperature on insects involve into both direct and indirect, and will ultimately affect reproductive physiology of insects, which is very important for physical controlling against agricultural insect pests in the field. And it will provide a new idea for research and application of controlling technology of high temperature.

关 键 词：高温 昆虫 生长发育 生殖生理 害虫防治 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S477.1[农业科学—植物保护]