性能化防火设计中设定人员安全判据研究  

Study on establishing personnel safety criteria in performance-based fire design

作　　者：张博思[1] 张佳庆[2] 孟燕华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国劳动关系学院安全工程系 [2]国网安徽省电力公司电力科学研究院

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2017年第2期41-46,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金资助(1408085MKL94)

摘　　要：为提高建筑性能化防火设计中人员安全判据设定的合理性,研究各国建筑防火性能化设计规范和指南中关于人员安全判据的规定,包括烟气层高度、热量、能见度和毒性气体体积分数临界判据。结果表明,建筑高度会影响烟气层高度临界判据,设定判据时需特别考虑中庭、仓库等区域;环境湿度会影响人体对烟气对流热的耐受极限,选取判据时需考虑水系统灭火过程造成的环境湿度增大;设定能见度临界判据应考虑建筑空间大小,还应考虑烟气中刺激性气体的影响;设定毒性气体临界判据时,应考虑可接受的人员安全水平。The personal safety criteria in most of existing performance-based fire design codes and guidelines were investigated for considering their rationality. The criteria for critical smoke layer height,heat,visibility and concentration of toxic gas were included. Results show that the criterion for critical smoke layer height is affected by the building height,therefore compartments such as atrium and warehouse should be considered,that the tolerance of human to convection heat is affected by the humidity,so the increasing in humidity due to water-based fire extinguishment needs to be considered,that the criterion for critical visibility should be established according to the compartment size,as well as the effect of irritant gas in smoke on people,and that before the criterion for toxic gas is established,the acceptable personal safety level should be defined.

关 键 词：性能化防火设计 人员安全判据 烟气层高度 热量 能见度 毒性气体 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]